Presynaptic Membrane Receptors Modulate ACh Release, Axonal Competition and Synapse Elimination During Neuromuscular Junction Development

Overview

Journal Front Mol Neurosci

Specialty Molecular Biology

Date 2017 Jun 1

PMID 28559796

Citations 19

Authors

Josep Tomas

Neus Garcia

Maria A Lanuza

Manel M Santafe

Marta Tomas

Laura Nadal

Erica Hurtado

Anna Simo

Victor Cilleros

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

During the histogenesis of the nervous system a lush production of neurons, which establish an excessive number of synapses, is followed by a drop in both neurons and synaptic contacts as maturation proceeds. Hebbian competition between axons with different activities leads to the loss of roughly half of the neurons initially produced so connectivity is refined and specificity gained. The skeletal muscle fibers in the newborn neuromuscular junction (NMJ) are polyinnervated but by the end of the competition, 2 weeks later, the NMJ are innervated by only one axon. This peripheral synapse has long been used as a convenient model for synapse development. In the last few years, we have studied transmitter release and the local involvement of the presynaptic muscarinic acetylcholine autoreceptors (mAChR), adenosine autoreceptors (AR) and trophic factor receptors (TFR, for neurotrophins and trophic cytokines) during the development of NMJ and in the adult. This review article brings together previously published data and proposes a molecular background for developmental axonal competition and loss. At the end of the first week postnatal, these receptors modulate transmitter release in the various nerve terminals on polyinnervated NMJ and contribute to axonal competition and synapse elimination.

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