Immune Checkpoint in Glioblastoma: Promising and Challenging

Overview

Journal Front Pharmacol

Date 2017 May 25

PMID 28536525

Citations 89

Authors

Jing Huang

Fangkun Liu

Zhixiong Liu

Hui Tang

Haishan Wu

Qianni Gong

Jindong Chen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a severe malignant brain cancer with poor overall survival. Conventional intervention remains dismal to prevent recurrence and deterioration of GBM cell. Recent years have witnessed exciting breakthroughs in novel immune strategies, especially checkpoint inhibitors, some of which have become adjuvant setting after standard of care in melanoma. Several clinical trials of checkpoint inhibitors are ongoing in glioblastoma and other brain carcinomas. Plus, synergistic combinations of checkpoint inhibitors with conventional therapy strategies-radiotherapy, temozolomide, bevacizumab, and corticosteroids are now being exploited and applied in clinical settings. This review highlights the recent developments of checkpoints in GBM immunotherapy to provide a brief and comprehensive review of current treatment options. Furthermore, we will discuss challenges remained, such as unique immune system of central nervous system (CNS), immune-related toxicities, synergies, and adverse interactions of combination therapies.

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