Maize Mutant Generated by Insertion of a Element in a Gene Encoding a Highly Conserved TTI2 Cochaperone

Overview

Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Specialty Science

Date 2017 May 3

PMID 28461460

Citations 17

Authors

Nelson Garcia

Yubin Li

Hugo K Dooner

Joachim Messing

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We have used the newly engineered transposable element to tag a gene that gives rise to a defective kernel () phenotype. requires the autonomous element for transposition. Upon excision, it leaves a short DNA footprint that can create in-frame and frameshift insertions in coding sequences. Therefore, we could create alleles of the tagged gene that confirmed causation of the phenotype by the insertion. The mutation, designated , is embryonic lethal, has a defective basal endosperm transfer (BETL) layer, and results in a smaller seed with highly underdeveloped endosperm. The maize gene encodes a TTI2 (Tel2-interacting protein 2) molecular cochaperone. In yeast and mammals, TTI2 associates with two other cochaperones, TEL2 (Telomere maintenance 2) and TTI1 (Tel2-interacting protein 1), to form the triple T complex that regulates DNA damage response. Therefore, we cloned the maize and homologs and showed that TEL2 can interact with both TTI1 and TTI2 in yeast two-hybrid assays. The three proteins regulate the cellular levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases (PIKKs) and localize to the cytoplasm and the nucleus, consistent with known subcellular locations of PIKKs. displays reduced pollen transmission, indicating TTI2's importance in male reproductive cell development.

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