Reliability and Validity of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 Version 2 (SF-12v2) in Adults with Non-Cancer Pain

Overview

Journal Healthcare (Basel)

Specialty Health Services

Date 2017 Apr 27

PMID 28445438

Citations 36

Authors

Corey J Hayes

Naleen Raj Bhandari

Niranjan Kathe

Nalin Payakachat

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Limited evidence exists on how non-cancer pain (NCP) affects an individual's health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to validate the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 Version 2 (SF-12v2), a generic measure of HRQoL, in a NCP cohort using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Longitudinal Files. The SF Mental Component Summary (MCS12) and SF Physical Component Summary (PCS12) were tested for reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability) and validity (construct: convergent and discriminant; criterion: concurrent and predictive). A total of 15,716 patients with NCP were included in the final analysis. The MCS12 and PCS12 demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha and Mosier's alpha > 0.8), and moderate and high test-retest reliability, respectively (MCS12 intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.64; PCS12 ICC: 0.73). Both scales were significantly associated with a number of chronic conditions ( < 0.05). The PCS12 was strongly correlated with perceived health ( = 0.52) but weakly correlated with perceived mental health ( = 0.25). The MCS12 was moderately correlated with perceived mental health ( = 0.42) and perceived health ( = 0.33). Increasing PCS12 and MCS12 scores were significantly associated with lower odds of reporting future physical and cognitive limitations (PCS12: OR = 0.90 95%CI: 0.89-0.90, MCS12: OR = 0.94 95%CI: 0.93-0.94). In summary, the SF-12v2 is a reliable and valid measure of HRQoL for patients with NCP.

Citing Articles

Efficacy of a physical rehabilitation program using virtual reality in patients with chronic tendinopathy: A randomized controlled trial protocol (VirTendon-Rehab).

Lucena-Anton D, Dominguez-Romero J, Chacon-Barba J, Santi-Cano M, Luque-Moreno C, Moral-Munoz J Digit Health. 2025; 11:20552076241297043.

PMID: 39974760 PMC: 11837136. DOI: 10.1177/20552076241297043.

Healthy Lifestyle Care vs Guideline-Based Care for Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Mudd E, Davidson S, Kamper S, Viana Da Silva P, Gleadhill C, Hodder R JAMA Netw Open. 2025; 8(1):e2453807.

PMID: 39792385 PMC: 11724347. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.53807.

Biopsychosocial rehabilitation therapy in small fiber neuropathy: research protocol to study the effect of rehabilitation treatment.

Damci A, den Hollander M, Hoeijmakers J, Faber C, Goossens M, Verbunt J Front Neurol. 2024; 15:1493326.

PMID: 39606707 PMC: 11598920. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1493326.

Enhancing exercise intervention for patients with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome using mobile health technology: The COVIDReApp randomised controlled trial protocol.

Salvador-Ruiz A, Moral-Munoz J, Salazar A, Lucena-Anton D, De Sola H, Failde I Digit Health. 2024; 10:20552076241247936.

PMID: 39493634 PMC: 11528792. DOI: 10.1177/20552076241247936.

Edible cannabis for chronic low back pain: associations with pain, mood, and intoxication.

Melendez S, Ortiz Torres M, Lisano J, Giordano G, Skrzynski C, Hutchison K Front Pharmacol. 2024; 15:1464005.

PMID: 39380911 PMC: 11458467. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1464005.

References

Torrance N, Lawson K, Afolabi E, Bennett M, Serpell M, Dunn K . Estimating the burden of disease in chronic pain with and without neuropathic characteristics: does the choice between the EQ-5D and SF-6D matter?. Pain. 2014; 155(10):1996-2004. PMC: 4220009. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.07.001. View

Failde I, Medina P, Ramirez C, Arana R . Assessing health-related quality of life among coronary patients: SF-36 vs SF-12. Public Health. 2009; 123(9):615-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2009.07.013. View

Natarajan S, Nietert P . Hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and their combinations increased health care utilization and decreased health status. J Clin Epidemiol. 2004; 57(9):954-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.01.011. View

Hoefman R, van Exel N, Looren de Jong S, Redekop W, Brouwer W . A new test of the construct validity of the CarerQol instrument: measuring the impact of informal care giving. Qual Life Res. 2011; 20(6):875-87. PMC: 3228404. DOI: 10.1007/s11136-010-9829-8. View

Jensen M, Turner J, Romano J, Fisher L . Comparative reliability and validity of chronic pain intensity measures. Pain. 1999; 83(2):157-62. DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00101-3. View

Lundberg L, Johannesson M, Isacson D, Borgquist L . The relationship between health-state utilities and the SF-12 in a general population. Med Decis Making. 1999; 19(2):128-40. DOI: 10.1177/0272989X9901900203. View

Fredheim O, Borchgrevink P, Saltnes T, Kaasa S . Validation and comparison of the health-related quality-of-life instruments EORTC QLQ-C30 and SF-36 in assessment of patients with chronic nonmalignant pain. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2007; 34(6):657-65. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.01.011. View

Stockbridge E, Suzuki S, Pagan J . Chronic pain and health care spending: an analysis of longitudinal data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Health Serv Res. 2014; 50(3):847-70. PMC: 4450933. DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.12263. View

Bjornsdottir S, Arnljotsdottir M, Tomasson G, Triebel J, Valdimarsdottir U . Health-related quality of life improvements among women with chronic pain: comparison of two multidisciplinary interventions. Disabil Rehabil. 2015; 38(9):828-36. DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2015.1061609. View

10.

Blome C, Augustin M . Measuring change in quality of life: bias in prospective and retrospective evaluation. Value Health. 2015; 18(1):110-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.10.007. View

11.

Nelson L, Perrone J . Curbing the opioid epidemic in the United States: the risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS). JAMA. 2012; 308(5):457-8. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2012.8165. View

12.

Frenk S, Porter K, Paulozzi L . Prescription opioid analgesic use among adults: United States, 1999-2012. NCHS Data Brief. 2015; (189):1-8. View

13.

Sugar C, Sturm R, Lee T, Sherbourne C, Olshen R, Wells K . Empirically defined health states for depression from the SF-12. Health Serv Res. 1998; 33(4 Pt 1):911-28. PMC: 1070293. View

14.

Smith M, Davis M, Stano M, Whedon J . Aging baby boomers and the rising cost of chronic back pain: secular trend analysis of longitudinal Medical Expenditures Panel Survey data for years 2000 to 2007. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2013; 36(1):2-11. PMC: 3596008. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.12.001. View

15.

Gandek B, Ware J, Aaronson N, Apolone G, Bjorner J, Brazier J . Cross-validation of item selection and scoring for the SF-12 Health Survey in nine countries: results from the IQOLA Project. International Quality of Life Assessment. J Clin Epidemiol. 1998; 51(11):1171-8. DOI: 10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00109-7. View

16.

Zondervan K, Yudkin P, Vessey M, Dawes M, Barlow D, Kennedy S . Prevalence and incidence of chronic pelvic pain in primary care: evidence from a national general practice database. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999; 106(11):1149-55. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08140.x. View

17.

Kowal J, Wilson K, McWilliams L, Peloquin K, Duong D . Self-perceived burden in chronic pain: relevance, prevalence, and predictors. Pain. 2012; 153(8):1735-1741. PMC: 3999031. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2012.05.009. View

18.

Joos B, Uebelhart D, Michel B, Sprott H . Influence of an outpatient multidisciplinary pain management program on the health-related quality of life and the physical fitness of chronic pain patients. J Negat Results Biomed. 2004; 3:1. PMC: 404467. DOI: 10.1186/1477-5751-3-1. View

19.

Dysvik E, Lindstrom T, Eikeland O, Natvig G . Health-related quality of life and pain beliefs among people suffering from chronic pain. Pain Manag Nurs. 2004; 5(2):66-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2003.11.003. View

20.

Gran J . The epidemiology of chronic generalized musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2003; 17(4):547-61. DOI: 10.1016/s1521-6942(03)00042-1. View