Defining Motility in the Staphylococci

Overview

Journal Cell Mol Life Sci

Publisher Springer

Specialty Biology

Date 2017 Apr 6

PMID 28378043

Citations 36

Authors

Eric J G Pollitt

Stephen P Diggle

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The ability of bacteria to move is critical for their survival in diverse environments and multiple ways have evolved to achieve this. Two forms of motility have recently been described for Staphylococcus aureus, an organism previously considered to be non-motile. One form is called spreading, which is a type of sliding motility and the second form involves comet formation, which has many observable characteristics associated with gliding motility. Darting motility has also been observed in Staphylococcus epidermidis. This review describes how motility is defined and how we distinguish between passive and active motility. We discuss the characteristics of the various forms of Staphylococci motility, the molecular mechanisms involved and the potential future research directions.

Citing Articles

Cuminaldehyde synergistically enhances the antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential of gentamicin: A direction towards an effective combination for the control of biofilm-linked threats of Staphylococcus aureus.

Roy R, Das A, Ganguly D, Chakraborty P, Paul P, Das S Braz J Microbiol. 2025; .

PMID: 39934529 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-025-01628-7.

Emergence of an unconventional Enterobacter cloacae-derived Iturin A C-15 as a potential therapeutic agent against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Mukherjee D, Sen S, Jana A, Ghosh S, Jash M, Singh M Arch Microbiol. 2024; 207(1):20.

PMID: 39738879 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04226-7.

Antibiotic susceptibility and phenotypic profile of species isolated from different clinical samples from health facilities: A cross-sectional study.

Anwar K, Saadalla S, Muhammad Amin A, Ahmed S, Qadir M SAGE Open Med. 2024; 12:20503121241306968.

PMID: 39698142 PMC: 11653444. DOI: 10.1177/20503121241306968.

The Development of a Biomimetic Model of Bacteria Migration on Indwelling Urinary Catheter Surfaces.

Cortese Y, Fayne J, Colbert D, Devine D, Fogarty A Biomimetics (Basel). 2024; 9(8).

PMID: 39194470 PMC: 11353059. DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9080491.

Mucin-induced surface dispersal of and via quorum-sensing dependent and independent mechanisms.

Jacob K, Hernandez-Villamizar S, Hammer N, Reguera G mBio. 2024; 15(8):e0156224.

PMID: 38953351 PMC: 11323471. DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01562-24.

References

Watrous J, Dorrestein P . Imaging mass spectrometry in microbiology. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011; 9(9):683-94. PMC: 3710447. DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2634. View

Fluckiger U, Ulrich M, Steinhuber A, Doring G, Mack D, Landmann R . Biofilm formation, icaADBC transcription, and polysaccharide intercellular adhesin synthesis by staphylococci in a device-related infection model. Infect Immun. 2005; 73(3):1811-9. PMC: 1064907. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.73.3.1811-1819.2005. View

Chatterjee S, Chen L, Joo H, Cheung G, Kreiswirth B, Otto M . Distribution and regulation of the mobile genetic element-encoded phenol-soluble modulin PSM-mec in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS One. 2011; 6(12):e28781. PMC: 3236207. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028781. View

Laabei M, Jamieson W, Yang Y, van den Elsen J, Jenkins A . Investigating the lytic activity and structural properties of Staphylococcus aureus phenol soluble modulin (PSM) peptide toxins. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014; 1838(12):3153-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.08.026. View

Queck S, Khan B, Wang R, Bach T, Kretschmer D, Chen L . Mobile genetic element-encoded cytolysin connects virulence to methicillin resistance in MRSA. PLoS Pathog. 2009; 5(7):e1000533. PMC: 2712073. DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000533. View

Hubscher J, McCallum N, Sifri C, Majcherczyk P, Entenza J, Heusser R . MsrR contributes to cell surface characteristics and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2009; 295(2):251-60. DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01603.x. View

West S, Griffin A, Gardner A, Diggle S . Social evolution theory for microorganisms. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2006; 4(8):597-607. DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro1461. View

Debois D, Hamze K, Guerineau V, Le Caer J, Holland I, Lopes P . In situ localisation and quantification of surfactins in a Bacillus subtilis swarming community by imaging mass spectrometry. Proteomics. 2008; 8(18):3682-91. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200701025. View

Keller K, Grady M, Dworkin M . Surface tension gradients: feasible model for gliding motility of Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 1983; 155(3):1358-66. PMC: 217835. DOI: 10.1128/jb.155.3.1358-1366.1983. View

10.

Rautenberg M, Joo H, Otto M, Peschel A . Neutrophil responses to staphylococcal pathogens and commensals via the formyl peptide receptor 2 relates to phenol-soluble modulin release and virulence. FASEB J. 2010; 25(4):1254-63. PMC: 3058707. DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-175208. View

11.

Tremblay J, Richardson A, Lepine F, Deziel E . Self-produced extracellular stimuli modulate the Pseudomonas aeruginosa swarming motility behaviour. Environ Microbiol. 2007; 9(10):2622-30. DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01396.x. View

12.

Schwartz K, Syed A, Stephenson R, Rickard A, Boles B . Functional amyloids composed of phenol soluble modulins stabilize Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. PLoS Pathog. 2012; 8(6):e1002744. PMC: 3369951. DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002744. View

13.

Ueda T, Kaito C, Omae Y, Sekimizu K . Sugar-responsive gene expression and the agr system are required for colony spreading in Staphylococcus aureus. Microb Pathog. 2011; 51(3):178-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2011.04.003. View

14.

Cheung G, Joo H, Chatterjee S, Otto M . Phenol-soluble modulins--critical determinants of staphylococcal virulence. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2013; 38(4):698-719. PMC: 4072763. DOI: 10.1111/1574-6976.12057. View

15.

Murray E, Crowley R, Truman A, Clarke S, Cottam J, Jadhav G . Targeting Staphylococcus aureus quorum sensing with nonpeptidic small molecule inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2014; 57(6):2813-9. PMC: 4010551. DOI: 10.1021/jm500215s. View

16.

Laanto E, Bamford J, Laakso J, Sundberg L . Phage-driven loss of virulence in a fish pathogenic bacterium. PLoS One. 2013; 7(12):e53157. PMC: 3534065. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053157. View

17.

Fuqua C, Parsek M, Greenberg E . Regulation of gene expression by cell-to-cell communication: acyl-homoserine lactone quorum sensing. Annu Rev Genet. 2001; 35:439-68. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.genet.35.102401.090913. View

18.

Ursell T, Chau R, Wisen S, Bhaya D, Huang K . Motility enhancement through surface modification is sufficient for cyanobacterial community organization during phototaxis. PLoS Comput Biol. 2013; 9(9):e1003205. PMC: 3763999. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003205. View

19.

van Ditmarsch D, Boyle K, Sakhtah H, Oyler J, Nadell C, Deziel E . Convergent evolution of hyperswarming leads to impaired biofilm formation in pathogenic bacteria. Cell Rep. 2013; 4(4):697-708. PMC: 3770465. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.07.026. View

20.

Omae Y, Sekimizu K, Kaito C . Inhibition of colony-spreading activity of Staphylococcus aureus by secretion of δ-hemolysin. J Biol Chem. 2012; 287(19):15570-9. PMC: 3346143. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M112.357848. View