Date Palm Waste-derived Biochar Composites with Silica and Zeolite: Synthesis, Characterization and Implication for Carbon Stability and Recalcitrant Potential

Overview

Journal Environ Geochem Health

Specialties Chemistry
Environmental Health

Date 2017 Mar 25

PMID 28337620

Citations 14

Authors

Munir Ahmad

Mahtab Ahmad

Adel R A Usman

Abdullah S Al-Faraj

Adel Abduljabbar

Yong Sik Ok

Mohammad I Al-Wabel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Engineered organo-mineral composites were synthesized from date palm waste biochar and silica or zeolite via mechanochemical treatments. Date palm tree rachis (leaves) waste biomass was pre-treated with silica or zeolite minerals via ball milling and sonication prior to pyrolysis at 600 °C. The resultant organo-mineral composites and pristine materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric-differential thermal (TG-DTA), Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope analyses and surface area and porosity analyzer to investigate the variations in physiochemical and structural characteristics. Compared to the resultant composites derived from non-milled date palm biomass, ball milling increased surface area, while decreased crystallinity index and effective particle size of the biochar composites. Silica composited biochars were located near origin in the van Krevelen diagram indicating lowest H/C and O/C molar ratios, thus suggesting higher aromaticity and lower polarity compared to other biochars. TGA thermograms indicated highest thermal stability of silica composited biochars. Ash and moisture corrected TGA thermograms were used to calculate recalcitrance index (R) of the materials, which speculated high degradability of biomass (R < 0.4), minimal degradability of biochars and zeolite composited biochars (0.5 < R < 0.7) and high recalcitrant nature of silica composited biochars (R > 0.7). Silica composited biochars exhibited highest carbon sequestration potential (64.17-95.59%) compared to other biochars. Highest recalcitrance and carbon sequestration potential of silica composited biochars may be attributed to changes in structural arrangements in the silica-biochar complex. Encapsulations of biochar particles with amorphous silica via Si-C bonding may have prevented thermal degradation, subsequently increasing recalcitrance potential of silica composited biochars.

Citing Articles

Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Carbon Sequestration Capacity of Spent Mushroom Substrate Biochar in the Presence of Mineral Iron.

Liu B, Xing Z, Xue Y, Zhang J, Zhai J Molecules. 2024; 29(23).

PMID: 39683870 PMC: 11643814. DOI: 10.3390/molecules29235712.

A Novel Method for the Enhancement of Sunflower Growth from Animal Bones and Chicken Feathers.

Laila U, Ul Huda M, Shakoor I, Nazir A, Shafiq M, Bareen F Plants (Basel). 2024; 13(17).

PMID: 39274017 PMC: 11396902. DOI: 10.3390/plants13172534.

Spent coffee waste-derived biochar improves physical properties, water retention, and maize (Zea mays L.) growth in sandy soil.

Alghamdi A, Alomran A, Ibrahim H, Alkhasha A, Majrashi M Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):19753.

PMID: 39187560 PMC: 11347622. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70504-5.

Co-Pyrolysis of Date Palm Waste and : Insights for Bioenergy Development in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions.

Ahmad W, Makkawi Y, Samara F ACS Omega. 2024; 9(22):24082-24094.

PMID: 38854508 PMC: 11154716. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02972.

Impacts of kaolinite enrichment on biochar and hydrochar characterization, stability, toxicity, and maize germination and growth.

Al-Swadi H, Al-Farraj A, Al-Wabel M, Ahmad M, Usman A, Ahmad J Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):1259.

PMID: 38218904 PMC: 10787757. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51786-1.

References

Lal R . Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security. Science. 2004; 304(5677):1623-7. DOI: 10.1126/science.1097396. View

Bilgic C . Investigation of the factors affecting organic cation adsorption on some silicate minerals. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2004; 281(1):33-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.08.038. View

Gurses A, Dogar C, Yalcin M, Acikyildiz M, Bayrak R, Karaca S . The adsorption kinetics of the cationic dye, methylene blue, onto clay. J Hazard Mater. 2005; 131(1-3):217-28. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.09.036. View

Liu R, Shi Y, Wan Y, Meng Y, Zhang F, Gu D . Triconstituent co-assembly to ordered mesostructured polymer-silica and carbon-silica nanocomposites and large-pore mesoporous carbons with high surface areas. J Am Chem Soc. 2006; 128(35):11652-62. DOI: 10.1021/ja0633518. View

Lehmann J . A handful of carbon. Nature. 2007; 447(7141):143-4. DOI: 10.1038/447143a. View

Dey R, Airoldi C . Designed pendant chain covalently bonded to silica gel for cation removal. J Hazard Mater. 2008; 156(1-3):95-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.12.005. View

Keiluweit M, Nico P, Johnson M, Kleber M . Dynamic molecular structure of plant biomass-derived black carbon (biochar). Environ Sci Technol. 2010; 44(4):1247-53. DOI: 10.1021/es9031419. View

Inyang M, Gao B, Pullammanappallil P, Ding W, Zimmerman A . Biochar from anaerobically digested sugarcane bagasse. Bioresour Technol. 2010; 101(22):8868-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.088. View

Harvey O, Kuo L, Zimmerman A, Louchouarn P, Amonette J, Herbert B . An index-based approach to assessing recalcitrance and soil carbon sequestration potential of engineered black carbons (biochars). Environ Sci Technol. 2012; 46(3):1415-21. DOI: 10.1021/es2040398. View

10.

Al-Wabel M, Al-Omran A, El-Naggar A, Nadeem M, Usman A . Pyrolysis temperature induced changes in characteristics and chemical composition of biochar produced from conocarpus wastes. Bioresour Technol. 2013; 131:374-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.165. View

11.

Zhao L, Cao X, Masek O, Zimmerman A . Heterogeneity of biochar properties as a function of feedstock sources and production temperatures. J Hazard Mater. 2013; 256-257:1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.04.015. View

12.

Ahmad M, Rajapaksha A, Lim J, Zhang M, Bolan N, Mohan D . Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review. Chemosphere. 2013; 99:19-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.10.071. View

13.

Xiao X, Chen B, Zhu L . Transformation, morphology, and dissolution of silicon and carbon in rice straw-derived biochars under different pyrolytic temperatures. Environ Sci Technol. 2014; 48(6):3411-9. DOI: 10.1021/es405676h. View

14.

Qiu M, Sun K, Jin J, Gao B, Yan Y, Han L . Properties of the plant- and manure-derived biochars and their sorption of dibutyl phthalate and phenanthrene. Sci Rep. 2014; 4:5295. PMC: 4055907. DOI: 10.1038/srep05295. View

15.

Guo J, Chen B . Insights on the molecular mechanism for the recalcitrance of biochars: interactive effects of carbon and silicon components. Environ Sci Technol. 2014; 48(16):9103-12. DOI: 10.1021/es405647e. View

16.

Windeatt J, Ross A, Williams P, Forster P, Nahil M, Singh S . Characteristics of biochars from crop residues: potential for carbon sequestration and soil amendment. J Environ Manage. 2014; 146:189-197. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.08.003. View

17.

Rajapaksha A, Chen S, Tsang D, Zhang M, Vithanage M, Mandal S . Engineered/designer biochar for contaminant removal/immobilization from soil and water: Potential and implication of biochar modification. Chemosphere. 2016; 148:276-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.043. View

18.

Rawal A, Joseph S, Hook J, Chia C, Munroe P, Donne S . Mineral-Biochar Composites: Molecular Structure and Porosity. Environ Sci Technol. 2016; 50(14):7706-14. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00685. View

19.

Bonenfant D, Kharoune M, Niquette P, Mimeault M, Hausler R . Advances in principal factors influencing carbon dioxide adsorption on zeolites. Sci Technol Adv Mater. 2016; 9(1):013007. PMC: 5099794. DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/9/1/013007. View