Infection Among Persons Who Inject Drugs in San Diego, California

Overview

Journal Int J Tuberc Lung Dis

Specialty Pulmonary Medicine

Date 2017 Mar 13

PMID 28284258

Citations 7

Authors

R F Armenta

K M Collins

S A Strathdee

M A Bulterys

F Munoz

J Cuevas-Mota

P Chiles

R S Garfein

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Persons who inject drugs (PWID) might be at increased risk for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and reactivation of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) due to their injection drug use.

Objectives: To determine prevalence and correlates of M. tuberculosis infection among PWID in San Diego, California, USA.

Methods: PWID aged 18 years underwent standardized interviews and serologic testing using an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) for LTBI and rapid point-of-care assays for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Independent correlates of M. tuberculosis infection were identified using multivariable log-binomial regression.

Results: A total of 500 participants met the eligibility criteria. The mean age was 43.2 years (standard deviation 11.6); most subjects were White (52%) or Hispanic (30.8%), and male (75%). Overall, 86.7% reported having ever traveled to Mexico. Prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection was 23.6%; 0.8% were co-infected with HIV and 81.7% were co-infected with HCV. Almost all participants (95%) had been previously tested for M. tuberculosis; 7.6% had been previously told they were infected. M. tuberculosis infection was independently associated with being Hispanic, having longer injection histories, testing HCV-positive, and correctly reporting that people with 'sleeping' TB cannot infect others.

Conclusions: Strategies are needed to increase awareness about and treatment for M. tuberculosis infection among PWID in the US/Mexico border region.

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