Pharmacogenetics in Type 2 Diabetes: Precision Medicine or Discovery Tool?

Overview

Journal Diabetologia

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2017 Mar 12

PMID 28283684

Citations 28

Authors

Jose C Florez

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In recent years, technological and analytical advances have led to an explosion in the discovery of genetic loci associated with type 2 diabetes. However, their ability to improve prediction of disease outcomes beyond standard clinical risk factors has been limited. On the other hand, genetic effects on drug response may be stronger than those commonly seen for disease incidence. Pharmacogenetic findings may aid in identifying new drug targets, elucidate pathophysiology, unravel disease heterogeneity, help prioritise specific genes in regions of genetic association, and contribute to personalised or precision treatment. In diabetes, precedent for the successful application of pharmacogenetic concepts exists in its monogenic subtypes, such as MODY or neonatal diabetes. Whether similar insights will emerge for the much more common entity of type 2 diabetes remains to be seen. As genetic approaches advance, the progressive deployment of candidate gene, large-scale genotyping and genome-wide association studies has begun to produce suggestive results that may transform clinical practice. However, many barriers to the translation of diabetes pharmacogenetic discoveries to the clinic still remain. This perspective offers a contemporary overview of the field with a focus on sulfonylureas and metformin, identifies the major uses of pharmacogenetics, and highlights potential limitations and future directions.

Citing Articles

Precision Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Utility and Limitations.

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Identification of Novel Intronic SNPs in Transporter Genes Associated with Metformin Side Effects.

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Coronarin A modulated hepatic glycogen synthesis and gluconeogenesis via inhibiting mTORC1/S6K1 signaling and ameliorated glucose homeostasis of diabetic mice.

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Association of GLP1R Polymorphisms With the Incretin Response.

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