Expression of Pro-inflammatory Genes in Lesions and Neutrophils During Infection in BALB/c Mice

Overview

Journal Iran J Parasitol

Publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Specialty Parasitology

Date 2017 Jan 28

PMID 28127365

Citations 1

Authors

Soheyla Akhzari

Hossein Rezvan

Masoud Zolhavarieh

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Leishmaniasis is a worldwide disease prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical countries in the world. Characterization of inflammatory responses produced in cutaneous leishmaniasis has not yet been completed.

Methods: The specific primers were designed for ten pro-inflammatory genes including CCL4, CCL3, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-12P35, IL-12P40, CCL5, CCR5, IL-1β and IFN- γ and their expression were assessed and compared using RT-PCR in the lesion and peripheral blood neutrophils in infected BALB/c mice.

Results: None of the pro-inflammatory genes was expressed in the healthy tissue and except IFN-γ others were down-regulated by the parasite in the lesion in untreated mice. In mice treated with anti-Leishmanial drugs, the expression of the pro-inflammatory genes restarted. The figure of pro-inflammatory gene expression in neutrophils was different was from the lesions in treated and untreated mice.

Conclusion: is capable to suppress the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in the lesions but not in neutrophils. The expression of TNF-α in the lesions and down-regulation of IL-1β in neutrophils could be accounted as an indication for healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The results open a new window on characterization of lesions and clarifying the role of neutrophils in infections.

Citing Articles

Designing of RNA Molecule Translating for Activitable Melittin as Selective Targeting of Infected Cells.

Akhzari S, Nabian S, Shayan P, Mazaheri Nezhad Fard R, Soltani M, Taheri M Iran J Parasitol. 2021; 16(3):443-453.

PMID: 34630590 PMC: 8476729. DOI: 10.18502/ijpa.v16i3.7098.

References

Azeredo-Coutinho R, Matos D, Nery J, Valete-Rosalino C, Mendonca S . Interleukin-10-dependent down-regulation of interferon-gamma response to Leishmania by Mycobacterium leprae antigens during the clinical course of a coinfection. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2012; 45(7):632-6. PMC: 3854271. DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500073. View

Buates S, Matlashewski G . General suppression of macrophage gene expression during Leishmania donovani infection. J Immunol. 2001; 166(5):3416-22. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.5.3416. View

Ricardo-Carter C, Favila M, Polando R, Cotton R, Bogard Horner K, Condon D . Leishmania major inhibits IL-12 in macrophages by signalling through CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and down-regulation of ETS-mediated transcription. Parasite Immunol. 2013; 35(12):409-20. PMC: 4001918. DOI: 10.1111/pim.12049. View

Rezvan H, Rees R, Ali S . Leishmania mexicana Gp63 cDNA Using Gene Gun Induced Higher Immunity to L. mexicana Infection Compared to Soluble Leishmania Antigen in BALB/C. Iran J Parasitol. 2012; 6(4):60-75. PMC: 3279899. View

Kolls J, Linden A . Interleukin-17 family members and inflammation. Immunity. 2004; 21(4):467-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2004.08.018. View

Luster A . The role of chemokines in linking innate and adaptive immunity. Curr Opin Immunol. 2002; 14(1):129-35. DOI: 10.1016/s0952-7915(01)00308-9. View

Dumas C, Muyombwe A, Roy G, Matte C, Ouellette M, Olivier M . Recombinant Leishmania major secreting biologically active granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor survives poorly in macrophages in vitro and delays disease development in mice. Infect Immun. 2003; 71(11):6499-509. PMC: 219543. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.11.6499-6509.2003. View

Doring Y, Noels H, Mandl M, Kramp B, Neideck C, Lievens D . Deficiency of the sialyltransferase St3Gal4 reduces Ccl5-mediated myeloid cell recruitment and arrest: short communication. Circ Res. 2014; 114(6):976-81. PMC: 4353583. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.302426. View

Gomes C, Avila L, Pinto S, Duarte F, Pereira L, Abrahamsohn I . Leishmania braziliensis amastigotes stimulate production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-β by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from nonendemic area healthy residents. Parasite Immunol. 2014; 36(5):225-31. DOI: 10.1111/pim.12109. View

10.

Probst C, Silva R, Menezes J, Almeida T, Gomes I, Dallabona A . A comparison of two distinct murine macrophage gene expression profiles in response to Leishmania amazonensis infection. BMC Microbiol. 2012; 12:22. PMC: 3313874. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-22. View

11.

Hwaiz R, Rahman M, Syk I, Zhang E, Thorlacius H . Rac1-dependent secretion of platelet-derived CCL5 regulates neutrophil recruitment via activation of alveolar macrophages in septic lung injury. J Leukoc Biol. 2015; 97(5):975-984. DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4A1214-603R. View

12.

Carlsen E, Liang Y, Shelite T, Walker D, Melby P, Soong L . Permissive and protective roles for neutrophils in leishmaniasis. Clin Exp Immunol. 2015; 182(2):109-18. PMC: 4608500. DOI: 10.1111/cei.12674. View

13.

Caneda-Guzman I, Salaiza-Suazo N, Fernandez-Figueroa E, Carrada-Figueroa G, Aguirre-Garcia M, Becker I . NK cell activity differs between patients with localized and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis infected with Leishmania mexicana: a comparative study of TLRs and cytokines. PLoS One. 2014; 9(11):e112410. PMC: 4232367. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112410. View

14.

Costa-Silva M, Gomes L, Martins-Filho O, Rodrigues-Silva R, Freire J, Quaresma P . Gene expression profile of cytokines and chemokines in skin lesions from Brazilian Indians with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis. Mol Immunol. 2013; 57(2):74-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.08.008. View

15.

Lima-Junior D, Costa D, Carregaro V, Cunha L, Silva A, Mineo T . Inflammasome-derived IL-1β production induces nitric oxide-mediated resistance to Leishmania. Nat Med. 2013; 19(7):909-15. DOI: 10.1038/nm.3221. View

16.

Almeida R, Barral-Netto M, De Jesus A, Freitas L, Carvalho E, Barral A . Biological behavior of Leishmania amazonensis isolated from humans with cutaneous, mucosal, or visceral leishmaniasis in BALB/C mice. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1996; 54(2):178-84. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1996.54.178. View

17.

Ritter U, Korner H . Divergent expression of inflammatory dermal chemokines in cutaneous leishmaniasis. Parasite Immunol. 2002; 24(6):295-301. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.2002.00467.x. View

18.

Novais F, Santiago R, Bafica A, Khouri R, Afonso L, Borges V . Neutrophils and macrophages cooperate in host resistance against Leishmania braziliensis infection. J Immunol. 2009; 183(12):8088-98. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0803720. View