Intestinal Invalidation of the Glucose Transporter GLUT2 Delays Tissue Distribution of Glucose and Reveals an Unexpected Role in Gut Homeostasis

Overview

Journal Mol Metab

Specialty Cell Biology

Date 2017 Jan 27

PMID 28123938

Citations 31

Authors

Charlotte C Schmitt

Thomas Aranias

Thomas Viel

Danielle Chateau

Maude Le Gall

Anne-Judith Waligora-Dupriet

Chloe Melchior

Ophelie Rouxel

Nathalie Kapel

Guillaume Gourcerol

Bertrand Tavitian

Agnes Lehuen

Edith Brot-Laroche

Armelle Leturque

Patricia Serradas

Alexandra Grosfeld

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: Intestinal glucose absorption is orchestrated by specialized glucose transporters such as SGLT1 and GLUT2. However, the role of GLUT2 in the regulation of glucose absorption remains to be fully elucidated.

Methods: We wanted to evaluate the role of GLUT2 on glucose absorption and glucose homeostasis after intestinal-specific deletion of GLUT2 in mice (GLUT2 mice).

Results: As anticipated, intestinal GLUT2 deletion provoked glucose malabsorption as visualized by the delay in the distribution of oral sugar in tissues. Consequences of intestinal GLUT2 deletion in GLUT2 mice were limiting body weight gain despite normal food intake, improving glucose tolerance, and increasing ketone body production. These features were reminiscent of calorie restriction. Other adaptations to intestinal GLUT2 deletion were reduced microvillus length and altered gut microbiota composition, which was associated with improved inflammatory status. Moreover, a reduced density of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) positive cells was compensated by increased GLP-1 content per L-cell, suggesting a preserved enteroendocrine function in GLUT2 mice.

Conclusions: Intestinal GLUT2 modulates glucose absorption and constitutes a control step for the distribution of dietary sugar to tissues. Consequently, metabolic and gut homeostasis are improved in the absence of functional GLUT2 in the intestine, thus mimicking calorie restriction.

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