Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Induces the Expression of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor-1 (TFPI-1) in Human Macrophages
Affiliations
Tissue factor (TF) is the initiator of the blood coagulation cascade after interaction with the activated factor VII (FVIIa). Moreover, the TF/FVIIa complex also activates intracellular signalling pathways leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines. The TF/FVIIa complex is inhibited by the tissue factor pathway inhibitor-1 (TFPI-1). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR) is a transcription factor that, together with PPAR and PPAR/, controls macrophage functions. However, whether PPAR activation modulates the expression of TFP1-1 in human macrophages is not known. Here we report that PPAR activation increases the expression of TFPI-1 in human macrophages in vitro as well as in vivo in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The induction of TFPI-1 expression by PPAR ligands, an effect shared by the activation of PPAR and PPAR/, occurs also in proinflammatory M1 and in anti-inflammatory M2 polarized macrophages. As a functional consequence, treatment with PPAR ligands significantly reduces the inflammatory response induced by FVIIa, as measured by variations in the IL-8, MMP-2, and MCP-1 expression. These data identify a novel role for PPAR in the control of TF the pathway.
Tavares V, Savva-Bordalo J, Rei M, Liz-Pimenta J, Assis J, Pereira D Cancers (Basel). 2024; 16(13).
PMID: 39001418 PMC: 11240748. DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132356.
Hosseinzadeh A, Bagherifard A, Koosha F, Amiri S, Karimi-Behnagh A, Reiter R Life Sci. 2022; 307:120866.
PMID: 35944663 PMC: 9356576. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120866.
Lupu C, Patel M, Lupu F Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22(9).
PMID: 33923232 PMC: 8123165. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094451.
Evidence for the important role of inflammation in xenotransplantation.
Li J, Hara H, Wang Y, Esmon C, Cooper D, Iwase H J Inflamm (Lond). 2019; 16:10.
PMID: 31148951 PMC: 6537172. DOI: 10.1186/s12950-019-0213-3.