Direct Observation of Exceptional Points in Coupled Photonic-crystal Lasers with Asymmetric Optical Gains

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2016 Dec 22

PMID 28000688

Citations 9

Authors

Kyoung-Ho Kim

Min-Soo Hwang

Ha-Reem Kim

Jae-Hyuck Choi

You-Shin No

Hong-Gyu Park

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Although counter-intuitive features have been observed in non-Hermitian optical systems based on micrometre-sized cavities, the achievement of a simplified but unambiguous approach to enable the efficient access of exceptional points (EPs) and the phase transition to desired lasing modes remains a challenge, particularly in wavelength-scale coupled cavities. Here, we demonstrate coupled photonic-crystal (PhC) nanolasers with asymmetric optical gains, and observe the phase transition of lasing modes at EPs through tuning of the area of graphene cover on one PhC cavity and systematic scanning photoluminescence measurements. As the gain contrast between the two identical PhC cavities exceeds the intercavity coupling, the phase transition occurs from the bonding/anti-bonding lasing modes to the single-amplifying lasing mode, which is confirmed by the experimental measurement of the mode images and the theoretical modelling of coupled cavities with asymmetric gains. In addition, we demonstrate active tuning of EPs by controlling the optical loss of graphene through electrical gating.

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