Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Can Elevated Free Copper Predict the Risk of the Disease?

Overview

Journal J Alzheimers Dis

Publisher Sage Publications

Specialties Geriatrics
Neurology

Date 2016 Dec 17

PMID 27983558

Citations 12

Authors

Rosanna Squitti

Armando J Mendez

Ilaria Simonelli

Camillo Ricordi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Defective copper regulation, primarily referred to as chelatable redox active Cu(II), has been involved in the etiology of diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objectives: However, no study has determined levels of labile copper non-bound to ceruloplasmin (non-Cp Cu, also known as 'free' copper) in the blood of subjects with diabetes compared with that of AD patients.

Methods: To this aim, values of non-Cp Cu were measured in 25 Type 1 (T1D) and 31 Type 2 (T2D) subjects and in28 healthy controls, along with measurements of C-reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin A1c, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Non-Cp Cu levels were compared with those of an AD group previously studied.

Results: T2D subjects had significantly higher non-Cp Cu levels than Controls and T1D subjects (both p < 0.001 after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index). A multinomial logistic model revealed that a one unit standard deviation increase of non-Cp Cu increased the relative risk of having T2D by 9.64 with respect to Controls (95% CI: 2.86-32.47). The comparison of non-Cp Cu levels in T2D with those of an AD population previously studied shows rising blood non-Cp Cu copper levels from Controls to T2D and AD.

Conclusion: These results suggest the involvement of catalytically-active Cu(II) and glucose dysregulation in oxidative stress reactions leading to tissue damage in both diseases.

Citing Articles

Exchangeable Copper Excess and Zinc Deficiency in the Serum of Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Squitti R, Pal A, De Luca A, Rizzo G, Rongioletti M, Tondolo V Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024; .

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The Role of Copper in Alzheimer's Disease Etiopathogenesis: An Updated Systematic Review.

Sabalic A, Mei V, Solinas G, Madeddu R Toxics. 2024; 12(10).

PMID: 39453175 PMC: 11511397. DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100755.

Associations between patterns of blood heavy metal exposure and health outcomes: insights from NHANES 2011-2016.

Wang X, Han X, Guo S, Ma Y, Zhang Y BMC Public Health. 2024; 24(1):558.

PMID: 38389043 PMC: 10882930. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17754-0.

Sulfur-bridging the gap: investigating the electrochemistry of novel copper chelating agents for Alzheimer's disease applications.

Crnich E, Sanchez E, Havens M, Kissel D J Biol Inorg Chem. 2023; 28(7):643-653.

PMID: 37594567 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-02013-1.

The Role of Heme and Copper in Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Pal I, Dey S JACS Au. 2023; 3(3):657-681.

PMID: 37006768 PMC: 10052274. DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00572.

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