Effects of EMD Liquid (Osteogain) on Periodontal Healing in Class III Furcation Defects in Monkeys

Aim: To evaluate the effect of a novel liquid carrier system of enamel matrix derivative (Osteogain) soaked on an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) upon periodontal wound healing/regeneration in furcation defects in monkeys.

Materials And Methods: The stability of the conventional enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain) and Osteogain adsorbed onto ACS was evaluated by ELISA. Chronic class III furcation defects were created at teeth 36, 37, 46, 47 in three monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). The 12 defects were assigned to one of the following treatments: (1) open flap debridement (OFD) + ACS, (2) OFD+Emdogain/ACS, (3) OFD+Osteogain/ACS, and (4) OFD alone. At 16 weeks following reconstructive surgery, the animals were killed for histological evaluation.

Results: A 20-60% significantly higher amount of total adsorbed amelogenin was found for ACS-loaded Osteogain when compared to Emdogain. The histomorphometric analysis revealed that both approaches (OFD + Emdogain/ACS and OFD + Osteogain/ACS) resulted in higher amounts of connective tissue attachment and bone formation compared to treatment with OFD + ACS and OFD alone. Furthermore, OFD + Osteogain/ACS group showed higher new attachment formation, cementum, and new bone area.

Conclusions: Within their limits, the present data indicate that Osteogain possesses favourable physicochemical properties facilitating adsorption of amelogenin on ACS and may additionally enhance periodontal wound healing/regeneration when compared to Emdogain.