Isoflurane Exposure Leads to Apoptosis of Neurons and Oligodendrocytes in 20- and 40-day Old Rhesus Macaques

Overview

Journal Neurotoxicol Teratol

Specialties Neurology
Toxicology

Date 2016 Nov 24

PMID 27876652

Citations 43

Authors

Katie J Schenning

Kevin K Noguchi

Lauren Drew Martin

Francesca M Manzella

Omar H Cabrera

Gregory A Dissen

Ansgar M Brambrink

Affiliations

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Abstract

Previously we reported that a 5-hour exposure of 6-day-old (P6) rhesus macaques to isoflurane triggers robust neuron and oligodendrocyte apoptosis. In an attempt to further describe the window of vulnerability to anesthetic neurotoxicity, we exposed P20 and P40 rhesus macaques to 5h of isoflurane anesthesia or no exposure (control animals). Brains were collected 3h later and examined immunohistochemically to analyze neuronal and glial apoptosis. Brains exposed to isoflurane displayed neuron and oligodendrocyte apoptosis distributed throughout cortex and white matter, respectively. When combining the two age groups (P20+P40), the animals exposed to isoflurane had 3.6 times as many apoptotic cells as the control animals. In the isoflurane group, approximately 66% of the apoptotic cells were oligodendrocytes and 34% were neurons. In comparison, in our previous studies on P6 rhesus macaques, approximately 52% of the dying cells were glia and 48% were neurons. In conclusion, the present data suggest that the window of vulnerability for neurons is beginning to close in the P20 and P40 rhesus macaques, but continuing for oligodendrocytes.

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