Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from the Leaf Apoplast Carry Stress-Response Proteins

Overview

Journal Plant Physiol

Specialty Physiology

Date 2016 Nov 13

PMID 27837092

Citations 236

Authors

Brian D Rutter

Roger W Innes

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that play a central role in intercellular signaling in mammals by transporting proteins and small RNAs. Plants are also known to produce EVs, particularly in response to pathogen infection. The contents of plant EVs have not been analyzed, however, and their function is unknown. Here, we describe a method for purifying EVs from the apoplastic fluids of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves. Proteomic analyses of these EVs revealed that they are highly enriched in proteins involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Consistent with this finding, EV secretion was enhanced in plants infected with Pseudomonas syringae and in response to treatment with salicylic acid. These findings suggest that EVs may represent an important component of plant immune responses.

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