Levels of Common Salivary Protein 1 in Healthy Subjects and Periodontal Patients

Overview

Journal J Periodontal Implant Sci

Specialty Dentistry

Date 2016 Nov 2

PMID 27800214

Citations 5

Authors

Seok-Mo Heo

Sol Lee

Hongtao Wang

Jeong Hyeok Jeong

Sang Wook Oh

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: Human saliva, as a vital part of the immune defense system, contains a number of distinct proteins and peptides. Recently human common salivary protein 1 (CSP1) has been identified as an abundant salivary protein and may play a role in promoting the binding of cariogenic bacteria to salivary pellicles. However, nothing else is known regarding the role of CSP1 in periodontology. The aim of this study was to quantify and compare CSP1 levels between healthy subjects and periodontal patients.

Methods: This controlled clinical study was conducted in periodontally healthy individuals and patients with chronic periodontitis Chonbuk National University Hospital, with Institutional Review Board approval. Whole saliva samples were collected from 36 healthy subjects and 33 chronic periodontitis patients and analyzed. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immune blotting were conducted to ensure that anti-CSP1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) binds to CSP1 in human saliva. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system was house-fabricated using mAb-hCSP1#14 and mAb-hCSP1#4 as a capture and a detector mAb, respectively. The CSP1 concentrations in saliva from 36 healthy subjects and 33 periodontal patients were quantified using the CSP1 sandwich ELISA system, and the results were analyzed using the Student's -test.

Results: Immunoblot analysis using mAb-hCSP1 as a probe confirmed that CSP1 in human saliva existed as a single band with a molecular weight of approximately 27-kDa. The quantification of CSP1 concentrations by CSP1 ELISA showed that the median values (25th to 75th percentiles) of periodontal patients and healthy subjects were 9,474 ng/mL (range, 8,434-10,139 ng/mL) and 8,598 ng/mL (range, 7,421-9,877 ng/mL), respectively. The Student's -test indicated the presence of a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (=0.024).

Conclusions: The presence of a significant difference in CSP1 levels between healthy subjects and periodontal patients suggests that CSP1 may be a potential biomarker for the detection or screening of periodontitis patients.

Citing Articles

A Proteomics Investigation of Salivary Profiles as Potential Biomarkers for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Wormwood K, Charette L, Ryan J, Darie C, Woods A Protein J. 2023; 42(5):607-620.

PMID: 37566278 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-023-10146-0.

Proteomic and microbiota analyses of the oral cavity during psychological stress.

Paudel D, Kuramitsu Y, Uehara O, Morikawa T, Yoshida K, Giri S PLoS One. 2022; 17(5):e0268155.

PMID: 35613108 PMC: 9132284. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268155.

Characterization of Acidic Mammalian Chitinase as a Novel Biomarker for Severe Periodontitis (Stage III/IV): A Pilot Study.

Yang M, Soh Y, Heo S Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(7).

PMID: 35409795 PMC: 8998681. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074113.

Changes in salivary proteome before and after cigarette smoking in smokers compared to sham smoking in nonsmokers: A pilot study.

Sinha I, Modesto J, Krebs N, Stanley A, Walter V, Richie Jr J Tob Induc Dis. 2021; 19:56.

PMID: 34239408 PMC: 8240953. DOI: 10.18332/tid/138336.

Clinical Correlations of Novel Autoantibodies in Patients with Dry Eye.

Karakus S, Baer A, Akpek E J Immunol Res. 2019; 2019:7935451.

PMID: 30766890 PMC: 6350592. DOI: 10.1155/2019/7935451.

References

Nobbs A, Lamont R, Jenkinson H . Streptococcus adherence and colonization. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2009; 73(3):407-50, Table of Contents. PMC: 2738137. DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00014-09. View

Girard L, Castle A, Hand A, Castle J, Mirels L . Characterization of common salivary protein 1, a product of rat submandibular, sublingual, and parotid glands. J Biol Chem. 1993; 268(35):26592-601. View

DAiuto F, Parkar M, Andreou G, Suvan J, Brett P, Ready D . Periodontitis and systemic inflammation: control of the local infection is associated with a reduction in serum inflammatory markers. J Dent Res. 2004; 83(2):156-60. DOI: 10.1177/154405910408300214. View

Yao Y, Berg E, Costello C, Troxler R, Oppenheim F . Identification of protein components in human acquired enamel pellicle and whole saliva using novel proteomics approaches. J Biol Chem. 2002; 278(7):5300-8. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M206333200. View

Towbin H, Staehelin T, Gordon J . Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979; 76(9):4350-4. PMC: 411572. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4350. View

Kaufman E, Lamster I . The diagnostic applications of saliva--a review. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2002; 13(2):197-212. DOI: 10.1177/154411130201300209. View

Hansen T, Simonsen M, Nielsen F, Hundrup Y . Collection of blood, saliva, and buccal cell samples in a pilot study on the Danish nurse cohort: comparison of the response rate and quality of genomic DNA. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007; 16(10):2072-6. DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0611. View

Mealey B, Oates T . Diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases. J Periodontol. 2006; 77(8):1289-303. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2006.050459. View

Ambatipudi K, Hagen F, Delahunty C, Han X, Shafi R, Hryhorenko J . Human common salivary protein 1 (CSP-1) promotes binding of Streptococcus mutans to experimental salivary pellicle and glucans formed on hydroxyapatite surface. J Proteome Res. 2010; 9(12):6605-14. PMC: 2997150. DOI: 10.1021/pr100786y. View

10.

Mullins J, Mullins L, Dunbar D, Brammar W, Gross K, Morley S . Identification of a human ortholog of the mouse Dcpp gene locus, encoding a novel member of the CSP-1/Dcpp salivary protein family. Physiol Genomics. 2006; 28(1):129-40. DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00153.2006. View

11.

Koo H, Vacca Smith A, Bowen W, Rosalen P, Cury J, Park Y . Effects of Apis mellifera propolis on the activities of streptococcal glucosyltransferases in solution and adsorbed onto saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. Caries Res. 2000; 34(5):418-26. DOI: 10.1159/000016617. View

12.

Wu Y, Xiao E, Graves D . Diabetes mellitus related bone metabolism and periodontal disease. Int J Oral Sci. 2015; 7(2):63-72. PMC: 4817554. DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2015.2. View

13.

Kim S, Lee Y, Jung D, Park K, Park J, Gang J . Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor (PAUF), a novel up-regulated secretory protein in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci. 2009; 100(5):828-36. PMC: 11159838. DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01106.x. View

14.

Armitage G . Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol. 2000; 4(1):1-6. DOI: 10.1902/annals.1999.4.1.1. View

15.

Wang H, Heo S, Jin H, Choi E, Oh S . Common Salivary Protein 1 in Serum of Diabetes Patients. J Clin Lab Anal. 2016; 30(6):961-967. PMC: 6807161. DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21963. View

16.

Savage A, Eaton K, Moles D, Needleman I . A systematic review of definitions of periodontitis and methods that have been used to identify this disease. J Clin Periodontol. 2009; 36(6):458-67. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01408.x. View

17.

Wilmarth P, Riviere M, Rustvold D, Lauten J, Madden T, David L . Two-dimensional liquid chromatography study of the human whole saliva proteome. J Proteome Res. 2004; 3(5):1017-23. DOI: 10.1021/pr049911o. View

18.

Raval S, Gowda S, Singh D, Chandra N . A database analysis of jacalin-like lectins: sequence-structure-function relationships. Glycobiology. 2004; 14(12):1247-63. DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwh140. View

19.

Baser U, Oztekin G, Ademoglu E, Isik G, Yalcin F . Is the severity of periodontitis related to gingival crevicular fluid and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations?. Clin Lab. 2015; 60(10):1653-8. DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2014.131217. View