Prevalence of Hypertension, Obesity, Hematuria and Proteinuria Amongst Healthy Adolescents Living in Western Saudi Arabia

Overview

Journal Saudi Med J

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2016 Sep 22

PMID 27652364

Citations 10

Authors

Kholoud A Hothan

Bashaer A Alasmari

Omniya K Alkhelaiwi

Khalid M Althagafi

Abdulaziz A Alkhaldi

Ahmed K Alfityani

Muhannad M Aladawi

Sara N Sharief

Sherif El Desoky

Jameela A Kari

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypertension, obesity, hematuria, and proteinuria among healthy adolescents and to determine the associated risk factors.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 8 intermediate schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between March 2015 and June 2015. Samples were selected randomly and equal proportions from each school for both genders were ensured. Both blood pressure and body mass index were measured and a brief questionnaire was filled out for the specified studied group. Urine dipstick analysis was carried out for 294 children. A second questionnaire was completed for hypertensive and obese subjects in addition to those with hematuria and proteinuria.

Results: A total of 401 children (200 males) with a mean (SD) age of 13.87 (1.27) were included. Hypertension was found in 17.2% with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1. Pre-hypertension was found in 4.2% of our sample with a male to female ratio of 2.1:1. Obesity was found in 19.2% with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Obesity was found to be the most significant risk factor for hypertension with a related risk: 2.87, 95% and confidence interval: 1.9-4.3. For urine abnormalities, 10.2% of samples were positive for proteinuria, 17% for hematuria, and 3.1% for both.

Conclusion: It was found that there is a positive correlation between the incidence of obesity and hypertension in adolescents. Hematuria and proteinuria were also found to be high. Screening and prevention programs are therefore recommended.

Citing Articles

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Shear-wave elastography in renal stiffness in children with hematuria and/or proteinuria.

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Change in Growth Status and Obesity Rates among Saudi Children and Adolescents Is Partially Attributed to Discrepancies in Definitions Used: A Review of Anthropometric Measurements.

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Socio-Demographic Factors Affect the Prevalence of Hematuria and Proteinuria Among School Children in Hualien, Taiwan: A Longitudinal Localization-Based Cohort Study.

Chen M, Wang J, Chen J, Chang Y, Jan R, Yang S Front Pediatr. 2020; 8:600907.

PMID: 33363066 PMC: 7758220. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.600907.

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