Nanoformulation of Curcumin Protects HUVEC Endothelial Cells Against Ionizing Radiation and Suppresses Their Adhesion to Monocytes: Potential in Prevention of Radiation-induced Atherosclerosis

Objectives: To investigated the potential of a novel dendrosomal nanoformulation of curcumin (DNC) in blocking radiation-induced changes in irradiated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and their adhesion to human THP-1 monocytoid cells.

Results: Co gamma rays reduced viability, raised the expression of adhesion molecules, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin (mRNA and protein), augmented the adhesion of THP-1 cells to HUVECs, activated NF-κB binding, increased the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1) and induced oxidative damage (reduced glutathione declined, while 8-OHdG and TBARS increased). 5 µM DNC significantly inhibited these radiation-induced changes, activated the Nrf-2 pathway, and effectively suppressed THP-1 adhesion to HUVECs, implicating p38 MAPK signaling.

Conclusion: DNC treatment is a potential preventive method against inflammation and vascular damage from ionizing radiation.