Drug Delivery into the Cochlear Apex: Improved Control to Sequentially Affect Finely Spaced Regions Along the Entire Length of the Cochlear Spiral

Overview

Journal J Neurosci Methods

Specialty Neurology

Date 2016 Aug 11

PMID 27506463

Citations 13

Authors

J T Lichtenhan

J Hartsock

J R Dornhoffer

K M Donovan

A N Salt

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Administering pharmaceuticals to the scala tympani of the inner ear is a common approach to study cochlear physiology and mechanics. We present here a novel method for in vivo drug delivery in a controlled manner to sealed ears.

New Method: Injections of ototoxic solutions were applied from a pipette sealed into a fenestra in the cochlear apex, progressively driving solutions along the length of scala tympani toward the cochlear aqueduct at the base. Drugs can be delivered rapidly or slowly. In this report we focus on slow delivery in which the injection rate is automatically adjusted to account for varying cross sectional area of the scala tympani, therefore driving a solution front at uniform rate.

Results: Objective measurements originating from finely spaced, low- to high-characteristic cochlear frequency places were sequentially affected. Comparison with existing methods(s): Controlled administration of pharmaceuticals into the cochlear apex overcomes a number of serious limitations of previously established methods such as cochlear perfusions with an injection pipette in the cochlear base: The drug concentration achieved is more precisely controlled, drug concentrations remain in scala tympani and are not rapidly washed out by cerebrospinal fluid flow, and the entire length of the cochlear spiral can be treated quickly or slowly with time.

Conclusions: Controlled administration of solutions into the cochlear apex can be a powerful approach to sequentially effect objective measurements originating from finely spaced cochlear regions and allows, for the first time, the spatial origin of CAPs to be objectively defined.

Citing Articles

The Origin Along the Cochlea of Otoacoustic Emissions Evoked by Mid-Frequency Tone Pips.

Goodman S, Lefler S, Lee C, Guinan Jr J, Lichtenhan J J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2024; 25(4):363-376.

PMID: 38937327 PMC: 11349973. DOI: 10.1007/s10162-024-00955-0.

Measurements From Ears With Endolymphatic Hydrops and 2-Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin Provide Evidence That Loudness Recruitment Can Have a Cochlear Origin.

Lefler S, Duncan R, Goodman S, Guinan Jr J, Lichtenhan J Front Surg. 2021; 8:687490.

PMID: 34676239 PMC: 8523923. DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.687490.

Reducing Auditory Nerve Excitability by Acute Antagonism of Ca-Permeable AMPA Receptors.

Walia A, Lee C, Hartsock J, Goodman S, Dolle R, Salt A Front Synaptic Neurosci. 2021; 13:680621.

PMID: 34290596 PMC: 8287724. DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.680621.

Altered mapping of sound frequency to cochlear place in ears with endolymphatic hydrops provide insight into the pitch anomaly of diplacusis.

Guinan Jr J, Lefler S, Buchman C, Goodman S, Lichtenhan J Sci Rep. 2021; 11(1):10380.

PMID: 34001971 PMC: 8128888. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89902-0.

A Revised Surgical Approach to Induce Endolymphatic Hydrops in the Guinea Pig.

Valenzuela C, Lee C, Buchman C, Lichtenhan J J Vis Exp. 2020; (160).

PMID: 32568243 PMC: 8893202. DOI: 10.3791/60597.

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