In Vitro Effects of 0 to 120 Grays of Irradiation on Bone Viability and Release of Growth Factors

Overview

Journal BMC Oral Health

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Dentistry

Date 2016 Jul 20

PMID 27431387

Citations 2

Authors

Kosaku Sawada

Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi

Eizaburo Kobayashi

Jens O Bromme

Benoit Schaller

Richard J Miron

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: High dose radiation therapy is commonly used in maxillofacial surgeries to treat a number of head and neck tumors. Despite its widespread use, little information is available regarding the effects of irradiation on bone cell viability and release of growth factors following dose-dependent irradiation.

Methods: Bone samples were collected from porcine mandibular cortical bone and irradiated at doses of 0, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 Grays. Thereafter, cell viability was quantified, and the release of growth factors including TGFβ1, BMP2, VEGF, IL1β and RANKL were investigated over time.

Results: It was observed that at only 7.5Gy of irradiation, over 85 % of cells were non-vital and by 60 Gy, all cells underwent apoptosis. Furthermore, over a 7-fold decrease in VEGF and a 2-fold decrease in TGFβ1 were observed following irradiation at all tested doses. Little change was observed for BMP2 and IL1β whereas RANKL was significantly increased for all irradiated samples.

Conclusions: These results demonstrate the pronounced effects of irradiation on bone-cell vitality and subsequent release of growth factors. Interestingly, the largest observed change in gene expression was the 7-fold decrease in VEGF protein following irradiation. Future research aimed at improving our understanding of bone following irradiation is necessary to further improve future clinical treatments.

Citing Articles

Association Between Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy and Intractable Serous Ascites After Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer.

Tomioka A, Shimizu T, Kagota S, Taniguchi K, Komeda K, Asakuma M Ann Surg Oncol. 2020; 28(7):3789-3797.

PMID: 33244738 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-09401-w.

Development of an experimental model for radiation-induced inhibition of cranial bone regeneration.

Jung H, Lee J, Lee S, Lee J, Kwon T, Kwon T Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018; 40(1):34.

PMID: 30525010 PMC: 6249347. DOI: 10.1186/s40902-018-0173-1.

References

Jereczek-Fossa B, Orecchia R . Radiotherapy-induced mandibular bone complications. Cancer Treat Rev. 2002; 28(1):65-74. DOI: 10.1053/ctrv.2002.0254. View

Marx R . A new concept in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1983; 41(6):351-7. DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2391(83)80005-6. View

Curi M, Dib L . Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: a retrospective study of the background factors and treatment in 104 cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997; 55(6):540-4; discussion 545-6. DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2391(97)90478-x. View

Ma Y, Xu W, Yin H, Huang Q, Liu T, Yang X . Therapeutic radiotherapy for giant cell tumor of the spine: a systemic review. Eur Spine J. 2015; 24(8):1754-60. DOI: 10.1007/s00586-015-3834-0. View

Jacobsson M, Kalebo P, Tjellstrom A, Turesson I . Bone cell viability after irradiation. An enzyme histochemical study. Acta Oncol. 1987; 26(6):463-5. DOI: 10.3109/02841868709113719. View

Miron R, Caluseru O, Guillemette V, Zhang Y, Gemperli A, Chandad F . Influence of enamel matrix derivative on cells at different maturation stages of differentiation. PLoS One. 2013; 8(8):e71008. PMC: 3741386. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071008. View

Fideler B, Vangsness Jr C, Lu B, Orlando C, Moore T . Gamma irradiation: effects on biomechanical properties of human bone-patellar tendon-bone allografts. Am J Sports Med. 1995; 23(5):643-6. DOI: 10.1177/036354659502300521. View

Noble B, Stevens H, Loveridge N, Reeve J . Identification of apoptotic changes in osteocytes in normal and pathological human bone. Bone. 1997; 20(3):273-82. DOI: 10.1016/s8756-3282(96)00365-1. View

Fideler B, Vangsness Jr C, Moore T, Li Z, Rasheed S . Effects of gamma irradiation on the human immunodeficiency virus. A study in frozen human bone-patellar ligament-bone grafts obtained from infected cadavera. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1994; 76(7):1032-5. DOI: 10.2106/00004623-199407000-00011. View

10.

Marx R, Johnson R . Studies in the radiobiology of osteoradionecrosis and their clinical significance. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1987; 64(4):379-90. DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(87)90136-8. View

11.

Wei L, Miron R, Shi B, Zhang Y . Osteoinductive and Osteopromotive Variability among Different Demineralized Bone Allografts. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2013; 17(3):533-42. DOI: 10.1111/cid.12118. View

12.

Schuldt Filho G, Caballe-Serrano J, Sawada K, Bosshardt D, Bianchini M, Buser D . Conditioned medium of demineralized freeze-dried bone activates gene expression in periodontal fibroblasts in vitro. J Periodontol. 2015; 86(6):827-34. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.140676. View

13.

Rice N, Polyzois I, Ekanayake K, Omer O, Stassen L . The management of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws--a review. Surgeon. 2014; 13(2):101-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2014.07.003. View

14.

Girdhani S, Lamont C, Hahnfeldt P, Abdollahi A, Hlatky L . Proton irradiation suppresses angiogenic genes and impairs cell invasion and tumor growth. Radiat Res. 2012; 178(1):33-45. DOI: 10.1667/rr2724.1. View

15.

Caballe-Serrano J, Bosshardt D, Buser D, Gruber R . Proteomic analysis of porcine bone-conditioned medium. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2014; 29(5):1208-15d. DOI: 10.11607/jomi.3708. View

16.

Chopra S, Kamdar D, Ugur O, Chen G, Peshek B, Marunick M . Factors predictive of severity of osteoradionecrosis of the mandible. Head Neck. 2011; 33(11):1600-5. DOI: 10.1002/hed.21654. View

17.

Al-Nawas B, Duschner H, Grotz K . Early cellular alterations in bone after radiation therapy and its relation to osteoradionecrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004; 62(8):1045. DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2004.05.204. View

18.

Miron R, Gruber R, Hedbom E, Saulacic N, Zhang Y, Sculean A . Impact of bone harvesting techniques on cell viability and the release of growth factors of autografts. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012; 15(4):481-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2012.00440.x. View

19.

Seemann I, Te Poele J, Hoving S, Stewart F . Mouse bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells do not restore radiation-induced microvascular damage. ISRN Cardiol. 2014; 2014:506348. PMC: 4005028. DOI: 10.1155/2014/506348. View

20.

Sawada K, Caballe-Serrano J, Schuldt Filho G, Bosshardt D, Schaller B, Buser D . Thermal processing of bone: in vitro response of mesenchymal cells to bone-conditioned medium. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015; 44(8):1060-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.03.012. View