Total Dosage of Gardenia Fruit Used by Patients with Mesenteric Phlebosclerosis

Overview

Journal BMC Complement Altern Med

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Rehabilitation Medicine

Date 2016 Jul 13

PMID 27402114

Citations 15

Authors

Yutaka Nagata

Tetsuo Watanabe

Kazuhiko Nagasaka

Masaaki Yamada

Masafumi Murai

Sunao Takeuchi

Mai Murase

Toshinori Yazaki

Takayuki Murase

Kenichi Komatsu

Machiko Kaizuka

Mika Sano

Koji Asano

Chikao Ando

Norihide Taniuchi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Mesenteric phlebosclerosis (MP) is a disease characterized by fibrotic change or calcification of the mesenteric vein. Recently, there has been an increase in case reports of MP related to herbal medicine usage. Long-term intake of gardenia fruit (GF) is suspected as a possible cause. However, many GF users do not develop this disease and the association between GF and MP remains unclear. In this study, we investigated for the first time the dosage of GF used by patients with and without MP.

Methods: We used a medical chart review study design to assess the association between GF and MP. We reviewed patients with a history of intake of herbal medicines containing GF. Among these patients, we selected patients who were examined by colonoscopy and abdominal plain computed tomography (CT). We investigated the findings of colonoscopy, CT scan and histological examination. We assessed the total dosages of GF alongside the duration of ambulatory visit, the administration period of herbal medicine containing GF and pre-existing disease in order to compare MP cases and non-MP patients.

Results: Ten MP cases and 42 non-MP patients were analyzed. We summarized clinical findings of MP cases. All MP cases used more GF than non-MP patients and were administered more than approximately 5,000 grams of GF in cumulative dosage.

Conclusions: This study indicated that excessive intake of GF contributes to and/or accelerates the development of MP suggesting that long-term usage of GF in excessive amounts increases the risk of MP.

Citing Articles

Unveiling molecular mechanisms of pigment synthesis in gardenia () fruits through integrative transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis.

Li K, Yu L, Gao L, Zhu L, Feng X, Deng S Food Chem (Oxf). 2024; 9:100209.

PMID: 38973987 PMC: 11225661. DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2024.100209.

Hangeshashinto-Associated Mesenteric Phlebosclerosis and Highly Atypical Adenoma Requiring Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy.

Nishiwaki R, Inoue Y, Sugao M, Sugimasa N, Hamaguchi T, Noji M Diagnostics (Basel). 2024; 14(5).

PMID: 38473037 PMC: 10930496. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050565.

Elucidation of Geniposide and Crocin Accumulation and Their Biosysnthsis-Related Key Enzymes during Fruit Growth.

Zhang L, Ai Y, Chen Y, Li C, Li P, Chen J Plants (Basel). 2023; 12(11).

PMID: 37299188 PMC: 10255275. DOI: 10.3390/plants12112209.

Traditional Chinese medicine Jia Wei Gui Pi Tang improves behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia and favourable positive emotions in patients.

Nogami T, Iwasaki K, Kimura H, Higashi T, Arai M, Butler J Psychogeriatrics. 2023; 23(3):503-511.

PMID: 37005070 PMC: 11577992. DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12962.

Widespread mesenteric phlebosclerosis presenting as intestinal obstruction due to stenosis of the right-sided colon.

Sakurai Y, Watanabe K, Hayashi T, Sato K, Sugano I Clin J Gastroenterol. 2022; 15(4):717-721.

PMID: 35489002 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-022-01637-1.

References

Nishiura H, Nakase H, Chiba T . Sustained abdominal discomfort in a 57-year-old woman. Idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis. Gut. 2010; 59(5):578, 594. DOI: 10.1136/gut.2009.189647. View

Song J, Kim J, Jung J, Kim J, Lee S, Cheung D . [A case of phlebosclerotic colitis in a hemodialysis patient]. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2012; 59(1):40-3. DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2012.59.1.40. View

Hirasaki S, Matsumura K . Development of phlebosclerotic colitis under treatment with Chinese herbal therapy. Intern Med. 2014; 53(15):1709-10. DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.53.2248. View

Jan Y, Yang F . Phlebosclerotic colitis. J Am Coll Surg. 2008; 207(5):785. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.04.023. View

Yao T, Iwashita A, Hoashi T, Matsui T, Sakurai T, Arima S . Phlebosclerotic colitis: value of radiography in diagnosis--report of three cases. Radiology. 2000; 214(1):188-92. DOI: 10.1148/radiology.214.1.r00ja01188. View

Markos V, Kelly S, Yee W, Davis J, Cheifetz R, Alsheikh A . Phlebosclerotic colitis: imaging findings of a rare entity. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005; 184(5):1584-6. DOI: 10.2214/ajr.184.5.01841584. View

Hozumi H, Hokari R, Shimizu M, Maruta K, Narimatsu K, Sato H . Phlebosclerotic colitis that was difficult to distinguish from collagenous colitis. Dig Endosc. 2013; 26(4):594-8. DOI: 10.1111/den.12151. View

Seino Y, Nanjo K, Tajima N, Kadowaki T, Kashiwagi A, Araki E . Report of the committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig. 2014; 1(5):212-28. PMC: 4020724. DOI: 10.1111/j.2040-1124.2010.00074.x. View

Iwashita A, Yao T, Schlemper R, Kuwano Y, Yao T, Iida M . Mesenteric phlebosclerosis: a new disease entity causing ischemic colitis. Dis Colon Rectum. 2003; 46(2):209-20. DOI: 10.1097/01.DCR.0000044720.43258.6E. View

10.

Oshitani N, Matsumura Y, Kono M, Tamori A, Higuchi K, Matsumoto T . Asymptomatic chronic intestinal ischemia caused by idiopathic phlebosclerosis of mesenteric vein. Dig Dis Sci. 2002; 47(12):2711-4. DOI: 10.1023/a:1021090113274. View

11.

Arakawa K, Saruta T, Abe K, Iimura O, Ishii M, Ogihara T . Improvement of accessory symptoms of hypertension by TSUMURA Orengedokuto Extract, a four herbal drugs containing Kampo-Medicine Granules for ethical use: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Phytomedicine. 2005; 13(1-2):1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2004.02.012. View

12.

Hiramatsu K, Sakata H, Horita Y, Orita N, Kida A, Mizukami A . Mesenteric phlebosclerosis associated with long-term oral intake of geniposide, an ingredient of herbal medicine. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012; 36(6):575-86. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05221.x. View

13.

Wang H, Wu Y, Liu C, Chen Y, Huang G, Chang W . Mesenteric phlebosclerosis: an unexpected cause of abdominal pain. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2012; 21(4):344. View

14.

Higaki S, Morohashi M . Propionibacterium acnes lipase in seborrheic dermatitis and other skin diseases and Unsei-in. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2004; 29(4):157-9. View

15.

Chen M, Yu S, Yang T . A case of phlebosclerotic colitis with involvement of the entire colon. Chang Gung Med J. 2010; 33(5):581-5. View

16.

Choi J, Lee K, Kim H, Lee S, Lee J, Lee S . Idiopathic phlebosclerotic colitis: a rare entity of chronic ischemic colitis. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2014; 63(3):183-6. DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2014.63.3.183. View

17.

Kang H, Noh R, Kim S, Shin H, Yun S, Song I . Phlebosclerotic colitis in a cirrhotic patient with portal hypertension: the first case in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 2009; 24(6):1195-9. PMC: 2775874. DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2009.24.6.1195. View

18.

Kitamura T, Kubo M, Nakanishi T, Fushimi H, Yoshikawa K, Taenaka N . Phlebosclerosis of the colon with positive anti-centromere antibody. Intern Med. 1999; 38(5):416-21. DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.38.416. View

19.

. [Definition and the diagnostic standard for metabolic syndrome--Committee to Evaluate Diagnostic Standards for Metabolic Syndrome]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi. 2005; 94(4):794-809. View

20.

Tzogias L, Labropoulos N, Amaral S, Antoniou G, Giannoukas A . Distribution and clinical impact of phlebosclerosis. Int Angiol. 2011; 30(3):212-20. View