Mesenchymal Stem and Progenitor Cells in Normal and Dysplastic Hematopoiesis-Masters of Survival and Clonality?

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2016 Jun 30

PMID 27355944

Citations 23

Authors

Lisa Pleyer

Peter Valent

Richard Greil

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are malignant hematopoietic stem cell disorders that have the capacity to progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Accumulating evidence suggests that the altered bone marrow (BM) microenvironment in general, and in particular the components of the stem cell niche, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their progeny, play a pivotal role in the evolution and propagation of MDS. We here present an overview of the role of MSCs in the pathogenesis of MDS, with emphasis on cellular interactions in the BM microenvironment and related stem cell niche concepts. MSCs have potent immunomodulatory capacities and communicate with diverse immune cells, but also interact with various other cellular components of the microenvironment as well as with normal and leukemic stem and progenitor cells. Moreover, compared to normal MSCs, MSCs in MDS and AML often exhibit altered gene expression profiles, an aberrant phenotype, and abnormal functional properties. These alterations supposedly contribute to the "reprogramming" of the stem cell niche into a disease-permissive microenvironment where an altered immune system, abnormal stem cell niche interactions, and an impaired growth control lead to disease progression. The current article also reviews molecular targets that play a role in such cellular interactions and possibilities to interfere with abnormal stem cell niche interactions by using specific targeted drugs.

Citing Articles

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the mouse bone marrow show differential expression of interferon regulatory factors IRF-1 and IRF-2.

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The immunological role of mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

Zheng L, Zhang L, Guo Y, Xu X, Liu Z, Yan Z Front Immunol. 2022; 13:1078421.

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Relationship of HIF‑1α expression with apoptosis and cell cycle in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

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Epigenetic Silencing of and Epi-Transcriptional Silencing of Underlied Progression to Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Treated with Hypomethylating Agents.

Lee P, Yim R, Miu K, Fung S, Liao J, Wang Z Int J Mol Sci. 2022; 23(10).

PMID: 35628480 PMC: 9144309. DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105670.

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