Normocyte-binding Protein Required for Human Erythrocyte Invasion by the Zoonotic Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Knowlesi

Overview

Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Specialty Science

Date 2016 Jun 16

PMID 27303038

Citations 48

Authors

Robert W Moon

Hazem Sharaf

Claire H Hastings

Yung Shwen Ho

Mridul B Nair

Zineb Rchiad

Ellen Knuepfer

Abhinay Ramaprasad

Franziska Mohring

Amirah Amir

Noor A Yusuf

Joanna Hall

Neil Almond

Yee Ling Lau

Arnab Pain

Michael J Blackman

Anthony A Holder

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The dominant cause of malaria in Malaysia is now Plasmodium knowlesi, a zoonotic parasite of cynomolgus macaque monkeys found throughout South East Asia. Comparative genomic analysis of parasites adapted to in vitro growth in either cynomolgus or human RBCs identified a genomic deletion that includes the gene encoding normocyte-binding protein Xa (NBPXa) in parasites growing in cynomolgus RBCs but not in human RBCs. Experimental deletion of the NBPXa gene in parasites adapted to growth in human RBCs (which retain the ability to grow in cynomolgus RBCs) restricted them to cynomolgus RBCs, demonstrating that this gene is selectively required for parasite multiplication and growth in human RBCs. NBPXa-null parasites could bind to human RBCs, but invasion of these cells was severely impaired. Therefore, NBPXa is identified as a key mediator of P. knowlesi human infection and may be a target for vaccine development against this emerging pathogen.

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