Metabolic Syndrome Among Secondary School Teachers: Exploring the Ignored Dimension of School Health Programme

Overview

Journal J Clin Diagn Res

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2016 May 19

PMID 27190836

Citations 3

Authors

Shashikala Narayanappa

Renuka Manjunath

Praveen Kulkarni

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: The rising trend of obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic abnormalities, pro atherogenic factors are important determinants of both the non-communicable diseases and metabolic syndrome. Employees especially school teachers have chronic stress which predisposes them to metabolic syndrome (MS). Thus, increasing the possibility of premature mortality due to CVD and T2DM and escalating the health care cost is affecting their families.

Aim: To assess the prevalence and the risk factors influencing metabolic syndrome among secondary school teachers.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study among secondary school teachers of Mysore city. A self administered, pretested and structured questionnaire based on the WHO Steps Approach for NCD evaluation. Data was analysed in SPSS version 20, chi-square test for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variable was applied along with logistic regression analysis to determine the independent predictors of MS.

Results: The prevalence of MS was 115 (38.3%). It increased from 6 (14.3%) in 21-30 years to 40(56.3%) in > 50 years age group. However, 144(48.0%) had '≤ two risk factors, 121(40.3%) had ≥ 3 risk factors and 7(2.3%) had all the five risk factor.

Conclusion: All components of MS were statistically significant in their association with the metabolic syndrome disease complex. The School health programme can be utilised as an opportunity to screen the teachers and provide primary preventive care.

Citing Articles

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose, and their associated lifestyle factors among teachers in the CLUSTer cohort.

Ng Y, Moy F, Hairi N, Bulgiba A PeerJ. 2024; 12:e16778.

PMID: 38274329 PMC: 10809994. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16778.

Metabolic Syndrome among Female School Teachers: A Sedentary Occupational Sector.

Monica S, John S, Madhanagopal R Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2023; 27(3):229-234.

PMID: 38047171 PMC: 10691516. DOI: 10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_261_22.

An Onsite Fitness Facility and Integrative Wellness Program Positively Impacted Health-Related Outcomes Among Teachers and Staff at an Urban Elementary/Middle School.

Parker E, McArdle P, Gioia D, Trilling A, Bahr-Robertson M, Costa N Glob Adv Health Med. 2019; 8:2164956119873276.

PMID: 31523490 PMC: 6734600. DOI: 10.1177/2164956119873276.

References

Prabhakaran D, Shah P, Chaturvedi V, Ramakrishnan L, Manhapra A, Reddy K . Cardiovascular risk factor prevalence among men in a large industry of northern India. Natl Med J India. 2005; 18(2):59-65. View

Cornier M, Dabelea D, Hernandez T, Lindstrom R, Steig A, Stob N . The metabolic syndrome. Endocr Rev. 2008; 29(7):777-822. PMC: 5393149. DOI: 10.1210/er.2008-0024. View

Pyykkonen A, Raikkonen K, Tuomi T, Eriksson J, Groop L, Isomaa B . Stressful life events and the metabolic syndrome: the prevalence, prediction and prevention of diabetes (PPP)-Botnia Study. Diabetes Care. 2009; 33(2):378-84. PMC: 2809287. DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1027. View

Deepa M, Farooq S, Datta M, Deepa R, Mohan V . Prevalence of metabolic syndrome using WHO, ATPIII and IDF definitions in Asian Indians: the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES-34). Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2006; 23(2):127-34. DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.658. View

Prasad D, Kabir Z, Dash A, Das B . Prevalence and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in Asian Indians: A community study from urban Eastern India. J Cardiovasc Dis Res. 2012; 3(3):204-11. PMC: 3425027. DOI: 10.4103/0975-3583.98895. View

Reddy K, Yusuf S . Emerging epidemic of cardiovascular disease in developing countries. Circulation. 1998; 97(6):596-601. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.97.6.596. View

Gupta R, Deedwania P, Gupta A, Rastogi S, Panwar R, Kothari K . Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in an Indian urban population. Int J Cardiol. 2004; 97(2):257-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.11.003. View

Singh G, Kaur D, Kaur H . Presumptive stressful life events scale (psles) - a new stressful life events scale for use in India. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011; 26(2):107-14. PMC: 3012215. View

Chandola T, Brunner E, Marmot M . Chronic stress at work and the metabolic syndrome: prospective study. BMJ. 2006; 332(7540):521-5. PMC: 1388129. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.38693.435301.80. View

10.

Pandit K, Goswami S, Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay P, Chowdhury S . Metabolic syndrome in South Asians. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2012; 16(1):44-55. PMC: 3263197. DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.91187. View

11.

Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F . Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004; 364(9438):937-52. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17018-9. View

12.

Sawant A, Mankeshwar R, Shah S, Raghavan R, Dhongde G, Raje H . Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in urban India. Cholesterol. 2011; 2011:920983. PMC: 3114375. DOI: 10.1155/2011/920983. View

13.

Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H . Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27(5):1047-53. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.27.5.1047. View

14.

Bhardwaj S, Misra A, Khurana L, Gulati S, Shah P, Vikram N . Childhood obesity in Asian Indians: a burgeoning cause of insulin resistance, diabetes and sub-clinical inflammation. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008; 17 Suppl 1:172-5. View

15.

Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Satyavani K, Sivasankari S, Vijay V . Metabolic syndrome in urban Asian Indian adults--a population study using modified ATP III criteria. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2003; 60(3):199-204. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(03)00060-3. View

16.

Vogelzangs N, Suthers K, Ferrucci L, Simonsick E, Ble A, Schrager M . Hypercortisolemic depression is associated with the metabolic syndrome in late-life. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2007; 32(2):151-9. PMC: 1868465. DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2006.11.009. View

17.

Mohan V, Deepa R, Deepa M, Somannavar S, Datta M . A simplified Indian Diabetes Risk Score for screening for undiagnosed diabetic subjects. J Assoc Physicians India. 2005; 53:759-63. View

18.

Hartley T, Knox S, Fekedulegn D, Barbosa-Leiker C, Violanti J, Andrew M . Association between depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome in police officers: results from two cross-sectional studies. J Environ Public Health. 2012; 2012:861219. PMC: 3270419. DOI: 10.1155/2012/861219. View

19.

Nagai M, Tsuchiya K, Toulopoulou T, Takei N . Poor mental health associated with job dissatisfaction among school teachers in Japan. J Occup Health. 2007; 49(6):515-22. DOI: 10.1539/joh.49.515. View

20.

Misra R, Patel T, Kotha P, Raji A, Ganda O, Banerji M . Prevalence of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risk factors in US Asian Indians: results from a national study. J Diabetes Complications. 2009; 24(3):145-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2009.01.003. View