Salvianolic Acid B Protects the Myelin Sheath Around Injured Spinal Cord Axons

Overview

Journal Neural Regen Res

Date 2016 Apr 30

PMID 27127491

Citations 9

Authors

Zhe Zhu

Lu Ding

Wen-Feng Qiu

Hong-Fu Wu

Rui Li

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Salvianolic acid B, an active pharmaceutical compound present in Salvia miltiorrhiza, exerts a neuroprotective effect in animal models of brain and spinal cord injury. Salvianolic acid B can promote recovery of neurological function; however, its protective effect on the myelin sheath after spinal cord injury remains poorly understood. Thus, in this study, in vitro tests showed that salvianolic acid B contributed to oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation, and the most effective dose was 20 μg/mL. For in vivo investigation, rats with spinal cord injury were intraperitoneally injected with 20 mg/kg salvianolic acid B for 8 weeks. The amount of myelin sheath and the number of regenerating axons increased, neurological function recovered, and caspase-3 expression was decreased in the spinal cord of salvianolic acid B-treated animals compared with untreated control rats. These results indicate that salvianolic acid B can protect axons and the myelin sheath, and can promote the recovery of neurological function. Its mechanism of action is likely to be associated with inhibiting apoptosis and promoting the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.

Citing Articles

Salvianolic acid B ameliorates neuroinflammation and neuronal injury via blocking NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting SIRT1 in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Xia D, Yuan J, Wu D, Dai H, Zhuang Z Front Immunol. 2023; 14:1159958.

PMID: 37564636 PMC: 10410262. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159958.

Salvianolic acid B ameliorates retinal deficits in an early-stage Alzheimer's disease mouse model through downregulating BACE1 and Aβ generation.

Wang M, Zhang S, Liu X, Wang P, Zhu Y, Zhu J Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2023; 44(11):2151-2168.

PMID: 37420104 PMC: 10618533. DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01125-3.

Myelin sheath injury and repairment after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Chen M, Guo P, Ru X, Chen Y, Zuo S, Feng H Front Pharmacol. 2023; 14:1145605.

PMID: 37077816 PMC: 10106687. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1145605.

The Importance of Natural Antioxidants in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Animal Models: An Overview.

Coyoy-Salgado A, Segura-Uribe J, Guerra-Araiza C, Orozco-Suarez S, Salgado-Ceballos H, Feria-Romero I Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020; 2019:3642491.

PMID: 32676138 PMC: 7336207. DOI: 10.1155/2019/3642491.

Salvianolic Acid B improves cognitive impairment by inhibiting neuroinflammation and decreasing Aβ level in -infected mice.

Liu J, Wang Y, Guo J, Sun J, Sun Q Aging (Albany NY). 2020; 12(11):10117-10128.

PMID: 32516126 PMC: 7346047. DOI: 10.18632/aging.103306.

References

Duncan I, Brower A, Kondo Y, Curlee Jr J, Schultz R . Extensive remyelination of the CNS leads to functional recovery. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009; 106(16):6832-6. PMC: 2672502. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0812500106. View

Jiang S, Bendjelloul F, Ballerini P, DAlimonte I, Nargi E, Jiang C . Guanosine reduces apoptosis and inflammation associated with restoration of function in rats with acute spinal cord injury. Purinergic Signal. 2008; 3(4):411-21. PMC: 2072916. DOI: 10.1007/s11302-007-9079-6. View

Kakulas B . A review of the neuropathology of human spinal cord injury with emphasis on special features. J Spinal Cord Med. 2000; 22(2):119-24. DOI: 10.1080/10790268.1999.11719557. View

Serarslan Y, Bal R, Altug M, Kontas T, Keles O, Unal D . Effects of trimetazidine on crush injury of the sciatic nerve in rats: a biochemical and stereological study. Brain Res. 2008; 1247:11-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.10.007. View

Porter A, Janicke R . Emerging roles of caspase-3 in apoptosis. Cell Death Differ. 1999; 6(2):99-104. DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400476. View

Franklin R, Gallo V . The translational biology of remyelination: past, present, and future. Glia. 2014; 62(11):1905-15. DOI: 10.1002/glia.22622. View

Papastefanaki F, Matsas R . From demyelination to remyelination: the road toward therapies for spinal cord injury. Glia. 2015; 63(7):1101-25. DOI: 10.1002/glia.22809. View

GROSSMAN S, Rosenberg L, Wrathall J . Temporal-spatial pattern of acute neuronal and glial loss after spinal cord contusion. Exp Neurol. 2001; 168(2):273-82. DOI: 10.1006/exnr.2001.7628. View

Funfschilling U, Supplie L, Mahad D, Boretius S, Saab A, Edgar J . Glycolytic oligodendrocytes maintain myelin and long-term axonal integrity. Nature. 2012; 485(7399):517-21. PMC: 3613737. DOI: 10.1038/nature11007. View

10.

Lasiene J, Shupe L, Perlmutter S, Horner P . No evidence for chronic demyelination in spared axons after spinal cord injury in a mouse. J Neurosci. 2008; 28(15):3887-96. PMC: 2631430. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4756-07.2008. View

11.

Crowe M, Bresnahan J, Shuman S, Masters J, Beattie M . Apoptosis and delayed degeneration after spinal cord injury in rats and monkeys. Nat Med. 1997; 3(1):73-6. DOI: 10.1038/nm0197-73. View

12.

Yuen T, Silbereis J, Griveau A, Chang S, Daneman R, Fancy S . Oligodendrocyte-encoded HIF function couples postnatal myelination and white matter angiogenesis. Cell. 2014; 158(2):383-396. PMC: 4149873. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.04.052. View

13.

Fehlings M, Theodore N, Harrop J, Maurais G, Kuntz C, Shaffrey C . A phase I/IIa clinical trial of a recombinant Rho protein antagonist in acute spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 2011; 28(5):787-96. DOI: 10.1089/neu.2011.1765. View

14.

Huey K, Roy R, Zhong H, Lullo C . Time-dependent changes in caspase-3 activity and heat shock protein 25 after spinal cord transection in adult rats. Exp Physiol. 2007; 93(3):415-25. DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2007.041228. View

15.

Franklin R, ffrench-Constant C . Remyelination in the CNS: from biology to therapy. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008; 9(11):839-55. DOI: 10.1038/nrn2480. View

16.

Oyinbo C . Secondary injury mechanisms in traumatic spinal cord injury: a nugget of this multiply cascade. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2011; 71(2):281-99. DOI: 10.55782/ane-2011-1848. View

17.

Metz G, Curt A, van de Meent H, Klusman I, Schwab M, Dietz V . Validation of the weight-drop contusion model in rats: a comparative study of human spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 2000; 17(1):1-17. DOI: 10.1089/neu.2000.17.1. View

18.

Tian J, Fu F, Li G, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Meng Q . Protections of SMND-309, a novel derivate of salvianolic acid B, on brain mitochondria contribute to injury amelioration in cerebral ischemia rats. Phytomedicine. 2009; 16(8):726-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.01.007. View

19.

Totoiu M, Keirstead H . Spinal cord injury is accompanied by chronic progressive demyelination. J Comp Neurol. 2005; 486(4):373-83. DOI: 10.1002/cne.20517. View

20.

Hagg T, Oudega M . Degenerative and spontaneous regenerative processes after spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 2006; 23(3-4):264-80. DOI: 10.1089/neu.2006.23.263. View