Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control and Socio Demographic Determinants of Hypertension in Malaysian Adults

Overview

Journal BMC Public Health

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Public Health

Date 2016 Apr 22

PMID 27097542

Citations 43

Authors

Suraya Abdul-Razak

Aqil Mohammad Daher

Anis Safura Ramli

Farnaza Ariffin

Md Yasin Mazapuspavina

Krishnapillai S Ambigga

Maizatullifah Miskan

Hasidah Abdul-Hamid

Nafiza Mat-Nasir

Mohamed Noor Khan Nor-Ashikin

Kien Keat Ng

Hapizah Nawawi

Khalid Yusoff

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is the leading cardiovascular risk factor globally as well as in Malaysia. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and the socio demographic determinants of hypertension among Malaysian adults.

Method: The analytic sample consisted of 11,288 adults aged ≥ 30 years recruited at baseline in 2007-2011 from the REDISCOVER Study which is an ongoing, prospective cohort study involving 18 urban and 22 rural communities in Malaysia. Socio-demographics, anti-hypertensive treatment details and an average of at least two blood pressure measurements were obtained.

Results: The age-adjusted prevalence was 42.0 % (CI: 40.9-43.2) and was higher in men [43.5 % (CI: 41.2-45.0)] than women [41.0 % (CI: 39.8-42.3)]. Participants from rural areas (APR: 1.12, CI: 1.04-1.20); aged at least 40-49 years (APR: 1.86, CI: 1.62-2.14); who were overweight (APR: 1.24, CI: 1.15-1.34) and obese (APR: 1.54, CI: 1.43-1.6) were more likely to have hypertension. The Indigenous ethnic group was less likely to be aware (APR: 0.81, CI: 0.69-0.92) and to be on treatment (APR: 0.66, CI: 0.55-0.79). Those in rural areas were less likely to have their hypertension controlled (APR: 0.61, CI: 0.49-0.75). On the other hand, control was more likely in females (APR: 1.25, CI: 1.01-1.54) and Indigenous group (APR: 1.64, CI: 1.19-2.25).

Conclusion: Hypertension is common in the Malaysian adults. The control of hypertension has increased over the years but is still quite low. Public health measures, as well as individual interventions in primary care are crucial to reduce their risk of developing complications.

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