Laboratory Diagnosis of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection and Disease in Children

Overview

Journal J Clin Microbiol

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2016 Mar 18

PMID 26984977

Citations 60

Authors

James J Dunn

Jeffrey R Starke

Paula A Revell

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is challenging; even with advanced technologies, the diagnosis is often difficult to confirm microbiologically in part due to the paucibacillary nature of the disease. Clinical diagnosis lacks standardization, and traditional and molecular microbiologic methods lack sensitivity, particularly in children. Immunodiagnostic tests may improve sensitivity, but these tests cannot distinguish tuberculosis disease from latent infection and some lack specificity. While molecular tools like Xpert MTB/RIF have advanced our ability to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and to determine antimicrobial resistance, decades old technologies remain the standard in most locales. Today, the battle against this ancient disease still poses one of the primary diagnostic challenges in pediatric laboratory medicine.

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