Compartmentalization and Transport in Synthetic Vesicles

Overview

Journal Front Bioeng Biotechnol

Date 2016 Mar 15

PMID 26973834

Citations 16

Authors

Christine Schmitt

Anna H Lippert

Navid Bonakdar

Vahid Sandoghdar

Lars M Voll

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Nanoscale vesicles have become a popular tool in life sciences. Besides liposomes that are generated from phospholipids of natural origin, polymersomes fabricated of synthetic block copolymers enjoy increasing popularity, as they represent more versatile membrane building blocks that can be selected based on their specific physicochemical properties, such as permeability, stability, or chemical reactivity. In this review, we focus on the application of simple and nested artificial vesicles in synthetic biology. First, we provide an introduction into the utilization of multicompartmented vesosomes as compartmentalized nanoscale bioreactors. In the bottom-up development of protocells from vesicular nanoreactors, the specific exchange of pathway intermediates across compartment boundaries represents a bottleneck for future studies. To date, most compartmented bioreactors rely on unspecific exchange of substrates and products. This is either based on changes in permeability of the coblock polymer shell by physicochemical triggers or by the incorporation of unspecific porin proteins into the vesicle membrane. Since the incorporation of membrane transport proteins into simple and nested artificial vesicles offers the potential for specific exchange of substances between subcompartments, it opens new vistas in the design of protocells. Therefore, we devote the main part of the review to summarize the technical advances in the use of phospholipids and block copolymers for the reconstitution of membrane proteins.

Citing Articles

Hydrodynamic accumulation of small molecules and ions into cell-sized liposomes against a concentration gradient.

Sugiyama H, Osaki T, Takeuchi S, Toyota T Commun Chem. 2023; 3(1):32.

PMID: 36703378 PMC: 9814613. DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-0277-2.

Bioinspired enzymatic compartments constructed by spatiotemporally confined in situ self-assembly of catalytic peptide.

Wang Y, Pan T, Wei X, Su F, Li A, Tai Y Commun Chem. 2023; 5(1):81.

PMID: 36697908 PMC: 9814850. DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00700-9.

Application of polymersomes in membrane protein study and drug discovery: Progress, strategies, and perspectives.

Lo C, Zeng J Bioeng Transl Med. 2023; 8(1):e10350.

PMID: 36684106 PMC: 9842050. DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10350.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1-bound extracellular vesicle as novel therapy for osteoarthritis.

de Liyis B, Nolan J, Maharjana M Biomedicine (Taipei). 2022; 12(2):1-9.

PMID: 35836973 PMC: 9236721. DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1308.

An Update on Novel Therapeutic Warfronts of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Cancer Treatment: Where We Are Standing Right Now and Where to Go in the Future.

Khawar M, Abbasi M, Siddique Z, Arif A, Sheikh N Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019; 2019:9702562.

PMID: 31428232 PMC: 6683766. DOI: 10.1155/2019/9702562.

References

Liguori L, Marques B, Lenormand J . A bacterial cell-free expression system to produce membrane proteins and proteoliposomes: from cDNA to functional assay. Curr Protoc Protein Sci. 2008; Chapter 5:5.22.1-5.22.30. DOI: 10.1002/0471140864.ps0522s54. View

Schwarz D, Daley D, Beckhaus T, Dotsch V, Bernhard F . Cell-free expression profiling of E. coli inner membrane proteins. Proteomics. 2010; 10(9):1762-79. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900485. View

Ruta V, Jiang Y, Lee A, Chen J, MacKinnon R . Functional analysis of an archaebacterial voltage-dependent K+ channel. Nature. 2003; 422(6928):180-5. DOI: 10.1038/nature01473. View

Siti W, de Hoog H, Fischer O, Shan W, Tomczak N, Nallani M . An intercompartmental enzymatic cascade reaction in channel-equipped polymersome-in-polymersome architectures. J Mater Chem B. 2020; 2(18):2733-2737. DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21849j. View

RIGAUD J, Pitard B, Levy D . Reconstitution of membrane proteins into liposomes: application to energy-transducing membrane proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995; 1231(3):223-46. DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(95)00091-v. View

Marguet M, Edembe L, Lecommandoux S . Polymersomes in polymersomes: multiple loading and permeability control. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011; 51(5):1173-6. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106410. View

Kuruma Y, Nishiyama K, Shimizu Y, Muller M, Ueda T . Development of a minimal cell-free translation system for the synthesis of presecretory and integral membrane proteins. Biotechnol Prog. 2005; 21(4):1243-51. DOI: 10.1021/bp049553u. View

Pecheur E, Sainte-Marie J, Bienven e A, Hoekstra D . Peptides and membrane fusion: towards an understanding of the molecular mechanism of protein-induced fusion. J Membr Biol. 1999; 167(1):1-17. DOI: 10.1007/s002329900466. View

Aimon S, Manzi J, Schmidt D, Poveda Larrosa J, Bassereau P, Toombes G . Functional reconstitution of a voltage-gated potassium channel in giant unilamellar vesicles. PLoS One. 2011; 6(10):e25529. PMC: 3188570. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025529. View

10.

Economou A . Following the leader: bacterial protein export through the Sec pathway. Trends Microbiol. 1999; 7(8):315-20. DOI: 10.1016/s0966-842x(99)01555-3. View

11.

Maeda Y, Nakadai T, Shin J, Uryu K, Noireaux V, Libchaber A . Assembly of MreB filaments on liposome membranes: a synthetic biology approach. ACS Synth Biol. 2013; 1(2):53-9. DOI: 10.1021/sb200003v. View

12.

Rapoport T, Goder V, Heinrich S, Matlack K . Membrane-protein integration and the role of the translocation channel. Trends Cell Biol. 2004; 14(10):568-75. DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2004.09.002. View

13.

Lira R, Dimova R, Riske K . Giant unilamellar vesicles formed by hybrid films of agarose and lipids display altered mechanical properties. Biophys J. 2014; 107(7):1609-19. PMC: 4190656. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.08.009. View

14.

Liguori L, Marques B, Villegas-Mendez A, Rothe R, Lenormand J . Liposomes-mediated delivery of pro-apoptotic therapeutic membrane proteins. J Control Release. 2008; 126(3):217-27. DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.12.004. View

15.

Andres C, Agne B, Kessler F . The TOC complex: preprotein gateway to the chloroplast. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010; 1803(6):715-23. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.03.004. View

16.

Ollivon M, Lesieur S, Grabielle-Madelmont C, Paternostre M . Vesicle reconstitution from lipid-detergent mixed micelles. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000; 1508(1-2):34-50. DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4157(00)00006-x. View

17.

Takiguchi K, Negishi M, Tanaka-Takiguchi Y, Homma M, Yoshikawa K . Transformation of actoHMM assembly confined in cell-sized liposome. Langmuir. 2011; 27(18):11528-35. PMC: 3171996. DOI: 10.1021/la2016287. View

18.

Bolinger P, Stamou D, Vogel H . An integrated self-assembled nanofluidic system for controlled biological chemistries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2008; 47(30):5544-9. DOI: 10.1002/anie.200801606. View

19.

Kahya N, Pecheur E, de Boeij W, Wiersma D, Hoekstra D . Reconstitution of membrane proteins into giant unilamellar vesicles via peptide-induced fusion. Biophys J. 2001; 81(3):1464-74. PMC: 1301625. DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3495(01)75801-8. View

20.

Martino C, Kim S, Horsfall L, Abbaspourrad A, Rosser S, Cooper J . Protein expression, aggregation, and triggered release from polymersomes as artificial cell-like structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2012; 51(26):6416-20. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201443. View