Developmental Brain Trajectories in Children with ADHD and Controls: a Longitudinal Neuroimaging Study

Overview

Journal BMC Psychiatry

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Psychiatry

Date 2016 Mar 13

PMID 26969310

Citations 22

Authors

Timothy J Silk

Sila Genc

Vicki Anderson

Daryl Efron

Philip Hazell

Jan M Nicholson

Michael Kean

Charles B Malpas

Emma Sciberras

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: The symptom profile and neuropsychological functioning of individuals with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), change as they enter adolescence. It is unclear whether variation in brain structure and function parallels these changes, and also whether deviations from typical brain development trajectories are associated with differential outcomes. This paper describes the Neuroimaging of the Children's Attention Project (NICAP), a comprehensive longitudinal multimodal neuroimaging study. Primary aims are to determine how brain structure and function change with age in ADHD, and whether different trajectories of brain development are associated with variations in outcomes including diagnostic persistence, and academic, cognitive, social and mental health outcomes.

Methods/design: NICAP is a multimodal neuroimaging study in a community-based cohort of children with and without ADHD. Approximately 100 children with ADHD and 100 typically developing controls will be scanned at a mean age of 10 years (range; 9-11years) and will be re-scanned at two 18-month intervals (ages 11.5 and 13 years respectively). Assessments include a structured diagnostic interview, parent and teacher questionnaires, direct child cognitive/executive functioning assessment and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI acquisition techniques, collected at a single site, have been selected to provide optimized information concerning structural and functional brain development.

Discussion: This study will allow us to address the primary aims by describing the neurobiological development of ADHD and elucidating brain features associated with differential clinical/behavioral outcomes. NICAP data will also be explored to assess the impact of sex, ADHD presentation, ADHD severity, comorbidities and medication use on brain development trajectories. Establishing which brain regions are associated with differential clinical outcomes, may allow us to improve predictions about the course of ADHD.

Citing Articles

Abnormal stability of dynamic functional architecture in drug-naïve children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Chen S, Xue B, Zhou R, Qian A, Tao J, Yang C BMC Psychiatry. 2024; 24(1):851.

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Developmental patterns of inhibition and fronto-basal-ganglia white matter organisation in healthy children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Singh M, Skippen P, He J, Thomson P, Fuelscher I, Caeyenberghs K Hum Brain Mapp. 2024; 45(15):e70010.

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Changes in MRI head motion across development: typical development and ADHD.

Thomson P, Loosley V, Friedel E, Silk T Brain Imaging Behav. 2024; 18(5):1144-1152.

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The Limbic System in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Longitudinal Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis.

Connaughton M, OHanlon E, Silk T, Paterson J, ONeill A, Anderson V Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci. 2024; 4(1):385-393.

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Childhood development of brain white matter myelin: a longitudinal T1w/T2w-ratio study.

Dipnall L, Yang J, Chen J, Fuelscher I, Craig J, Silk T Brain Struct Funct. 2023; 229(1):151-159.

PMID: 37982844 PMC: 10827845. DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02718-8.

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