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The Initial Responses to Cold-water Immersion in Man

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Journal Clin Sci (Lond)
Date 1989 Dec 1
PMID 2691172
Citations 46
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Abstract

This review is summarized in Fig. 1. It is concluded that the cold-shock response can result in the death or serious incapacitation of an individual long before general hypothermia develops. As such, this response is probably responsible for the majority of annual open-water immersion deaths.

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