Developmental Programming, a Pathway to Disease

Overview

Journal Endocrinology

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2016 Feb 10

PMID 26859334

Citations 106

Authors

Vasantha Padmanabhan

Rodolfo C Cardoso

Muraly Puttabyatappa

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that insults occurring during the perinatal period alter the developmental trajectory of the fetus/offspring leading to long-term detrimental outcomes that often culminate in adult pathologies. These perinatal insults include maternal/fetal disease states, nutritional deficits/excess, stress, lifestyle choices, exposure to environmental chemicals, and medical interventions. In addition to reviewing the various insults that contribute to developmental programming and the benefits of animal models in addressing underlying mechanisms, this review focuses on the commonalities in disease outcomes stemming from various insults, the convergence of mechanistic pathways via which various insults can lead to common outcomes, and identifies the knowledge gaps in the field and future directions.

Citing Articles

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