Nonoliguric Hyperkalemia in a Late Preterm Infant with Severe Birth Asphyxia

Overview

Journal Transl Pediatr

Publisher AME Publishing Company

Specialty Pediatrics

Date 2016 Feb 3

PMID 26835286

Authors

Xiaoyu Xiong

Dan Chen

Jing Zhang

Jian Mao

Juan Li

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Nonoliguric hyperkalemia (NOHK) is common during the first days after birth in premature infants with gestational age <28 weeks. It was rarely reported in term or late preterm infants. We present a case of a 3 hours baby at 34 weeks and 3 days' gestational age who was delivered of severe birth asphyxia by cesarean section for failing to vaginal delivery. Serum potassium reached to 8.3 mmol/L at 12 hours age, with normal urinary output and serum urea and creatinine. Abnormal ECG of tall peaked T waves was developed. Marked fall in serum Ca(2+) of 0.6 mmol/L and total calcium of 1.13 mmol/L was also noted. Cerebral lesions in the head MRI demonstrated extensive periventricular white matter injury.

References

Stefano J, Norman M, Morales M, Goplerud J, Mishra O, Delivoria-Papadopoulos M . Decreased erythrocyte Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity associated with cellular potassium loss in extremely low birth weight infants with nonoliguric hyperkalemia. J Pediatr. 1993; 122(2):276-84. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(06)80133-2. View

Chevalier R . What are normal potassium concentrations in the neonate? What is a reasonable approach to hyperkalemia in the newborn with normal renal function?. Semin Nephrol. 1998; 18(3):360-1. View

Gruskay J, Costarino A, Polin R, Baumgart S . Nonoliguric hyperkalemia in the premature infant weighing less than 1000 grams. J Pediatr. 1988; 113(2):381-6. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(88)80288-9. View

Omar S, DeCristofaro J, Agarwal B, LaGamma E . Effect of prenatal steroids on potassium balance in extremely low birth weight neonates. Pediatrics. 2000; 106(3):561-7. DOI: 10.1542/peds.106.3.561. View

Thayyil S, Kempley S, Sinha A . Can early-onset nonoliguric hyperkalemia be predicted in extremely premature infants?. Am J Perinatol. 2008; 25(2):129-33. DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1040343. View

Rutherford M, Malamateniou C, Mcguinness A, Allsop J, Biarge M, Counsell S . Magnetic resonance imaging in hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. Early Hum Dev. 2010; 86(6):351-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.05.014. View

Shortland D, Trounce J, Levene M . Hyperkalaemia, cardiac arrhythmias, and cerebral lesions in high risk neonates. Arch Dis Child. 1987; 62(11):1139-43. PMC: 1778541. DOI: 10.1136/adc.62.11.1139. View

Brion L, Schwartz G, Campbell D, Fleischman A . Early hyperkalaemia in very low birthweight infants in the absence of oliguria. Arch Dis Child. 1989; 64(2):270-2. PMC: 1791881. DOI: 10.1136/adc.64.2.270. View

Yaseen H . Nonoliguric hyperkalemia in neonates: a case-controlled study. Am J Perinatol. 2008; 26(3):185-9. DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1103026. View

10.

Vemgal P, Ohlsson A . Interventions for non-oliguric hyperkalaemia in preterm neonates. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007; (1):CD005257. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005257.pub2. View

11.

Mildenberger E, Versmold H . Pathogenesis and therapy of non-oliguric hyperkalaemia of the premature infant. Eur J Pediatr. 2002; 161(8):415-22. DOI: 10.1007/s00431-002-0986-9. View

12.

Sato K, Kondo T, Iwao H, Honda S, Ueda K . Internal potassium shift in premature infants: cause of nonoliguric hyperkalemia. J Pediatr. 1995; 126(1):109-13. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(95)70511-2. View

13.

Barkovich A, Ali F, Rowley H, Bass N . Imaging patterns of neonatal hypoglycemia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1998; 19(3):523-8. PMC: 8338271. View

14.

Uga N, Nemoto Y, Ishii T, Kawase Y, Arai H, Tada H . Antenatal steroid treatment prevents severe hyperkalemia in very low-birthweight infants. Pediatr Int. 2003; 45(6):656-60. DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2003.01807.x. View

15.

Perkkio M, RAIHA N . Neonatal hyperkalaemia. Lancet. 1977; 2(8029):143. DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(77)90158-1. View

16.

Shaffer S, Kilbride H, Hayen L, Meade V, Warady B . Hyperkalemia in very low birth weight infants. J Pediatr. 1992; 121(2):275-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81203-x. View

17.

Fukuda Y, Kojima T, Ono A, Matsuzaki S, Iwase S, Kobayashi Y . Factors causing hyperkalemia in premature infants. Am J Perinatol. 1989; 6(1):76-9. DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-999550. View