Revisiting Zoonotic Human African Trypanosomiasis Control in Uganda

Overview

Journal J Public Health Policy

Specialty Public Health

Date 2016 Jan 19

PMID 26779716

Citations 4

Authors

Sonia Menon

Rodolfo Rossi

Leon Nshimyumukiza

Kate Zinszer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: Human migration and concomitant HIV infections are likely to bring about major changes in the epidemiology of zoonotic parasitic infections. Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) control is particularly fraught with intricacies. The primarily zoonotic form, T.b. rhodesiense, and the non-zoonotic T.b. gambiense co-exist in Northern Uganda, leading to a potential geographic and genetic overlap of the two foci. This region also has the highest HIV prevalence in Uganda plus poor food security. We examine the bottlenecks facing the control program in a changed political and economic context.

Method: We searched the literature in July 2015 using three databases: MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science.

Findings: Decentralized zoonotic HAT control for animal reservoirs and vectors compromise sustainability of the control programs. Human transmission potential may be underestimated in a region with other endemic diseases and where an HIV-HAT epidemic, could merge two strains.

Conclusion: Our comprehensive literature review concludes that enhanced collaboration is imperative not only between human and animal health specialists, but also with political science. Multi-sectorial collaborations may need to be nurtured within existing operational national HIV prevention frameworks, with an integrated surveillance framework.

Citing Articles

Spatial Distribution of Tsetse Flies and Trypanosome Infection Status in a Vector Genetic Transition Zone in Northern Uganda.

Opiro R, Moses O, Opoke R, Oloya F, Nakafu E, Iwiru T J Parasitol Res. 2022; 2022:9142551.

PMID: 35692442 PMC: 9177332. DOI: 10.1155/2022/9142551.

Apparent density, trypanosome infection rates and host preference of tsetse flies in the sleeping sickness endemic focus of northwestern Uganda.

Opiro R, Opoke R, Angwech H, Nakafu E, Oloya F, Openy G BMC Vet Res. 2021; 17(1):365.

PMID: 34839816 PMC: 8628410. DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03071-w.

Temporal genetic differentiation in Glossina pallidipes tsetse fly populations in Kenya.

Okeyo W, Saarman N, Mengual M, Dion K, Bateta R, Mireji P Parasit Vectors. 2017; 10(1):471.

PMID: 29017572 PMC: 5635580. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2415-y.

Evidence of temporal stability in allelic and mitochondrial haplotype diversity in populations of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Diptera: Glossinidae) in northern Uganda.

Opiro R, Saarman N, Echodu R, Opiyo E, Dion K, Halyard A Parasit Vectors. 2016; 9:258.

PMID: 27141947 PMC: 4855780. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1522-5.

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