Role of Vaccination-induced Immunity and Antigenic Distance in the Transmission Dynamics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1

Overview

Journal J R Soc Interface

Specialties Biology
Biomedical Engineering
Biophysics

Date 2016 Jan 15

PMID 26763336

Citations 8

Authors

Ioannis Sitaras

Xanthoula Rousou

Donata Kalthoff

Martin Beer

Ben Peeters

Mart C M de Jong

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 epidemics in poultry cause huge economic losses as well as sporadic human morbidity and mortality. Vaccination in poultry has often been reported as being ineffective in preventing transmission and as a potential driving force in the selection of immune escape mutants. We conducted transmission experiments to evaluate the transmission dynamics of HPAI H5N1 strains in chickens vaccinated with high and low doses of immune escape mutants we have previously selected, and analysed the data using mathematical models. Remarkably, we demonstrate that the effect of antigenic distances between the vaccine and challenge strains used in this study is too small to influence the transmission dynamics of the strains used. This is because the effect of a sufficient vaccine dose on antibody levels against the challenge viruses is large enough to compensate for any decrease in antibody titres due to antigenic differences between vaccine and challenge strains. Our results show that at least under experimental conditions, vaccination will remain effective even after antigenic changes as may be caused by the initial selection in vaccinated birds.

Citing Articles

Association of poultry vaccination with interspecies transmission and molecular evolution of H5 subtype avian influenza virus.

Li B, Raghwani J, Hill S, Francois S, Lefrancq N, Liang Y Sci Adv. 2025; 11(4):eado9140.

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Surveillance Strategy in Duck Flocks Vaccinated against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus.

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Efficacy of a recombinant turkey herpesvirus (H9) vaccine against H9N2 avian influenza virus in chickens with maternal-derived antibodies.

Pan X, Liu Q, Niu S, Huang D, Yan D, Teng Q Front Microbiol. 2023; 13:1107975.

PMID: 36777028 PMC: 9909025. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1107975.

Evaluation of KAU007 against Low-Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H9N2).

Rather I, Kamli M, Sabir J, Ali S Pathogens. 2022; 11(11).

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Vaccination with inactivated virus against low pathogenic avian influenza subtype H9N2 does not prevent virus transmission in chickens.

Cui H, de Jong M, Beerens N, van Oers M, Teng Q, Li L J Virus Erad. 2021; 7(3):100055.

PMID: 34621531 PMC: 8481976. DOI: 10.1016/j.jve.2021.100055.

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