Algorithm for Planning a Double-jaw Orthognathic Surgery Using a Computer-aided Surgical Simulation (CASS) Protocol. Part 2: Three-dimensional Cephalometry

Overview

Journal Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg

Specialties Dentistry
General Surgery

Date 2015 Nov 18

PMID 26573563

Citations 23

Authors

J J Xia

J Gateno

J F Teichgraeber

P Yuan

J Li

K-C Chen

A Jajoo

M Nicol

D M Alfi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) cephalometry is not as simple as just adding a 'third' dimension to a traditional two-dimensional cephalometric analysis. There are more complex issues in 3D analysis. These include how reference frames are created, how size, position, orientation and shape are measured, and how symmetry is assessed. The main purpose of this article is to present the geometric principles of 3D cephalometry. In addition, the Gateno-Xia cephalometric analysis is presented; this is the first 3D cephalometric analysis to observe these principles.

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