Metabolic Effects of Supplementation with Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Vitamin D Deficiency

Aim: Epidemiological studies suggest that vitamin D status influences type 2 diabetes mellitus. We investigate the metabolic effects of vitamin D.

Material And Methods: We studied consecutive type 2 diabetic patients without insulin therapy with vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) lower than 20ng/ml). They were treated with 16,000IU of calcifediol orally once a week for a minimum of 8 weeks.

Results: Twenty eight patients were treated for a mean time of 84.1 days (range 56 to 120 days). All patients achieved serum levels of 25(OH)D higher than 20ng/ml. There was a significant reduction in fasting glucose (145.6±35.5 vs. 131.7±30.4mg/dl, p<0.001). There were small non-significant reductions in HbA1c, fasting insulin and Homeostasis Model Assesment (HOMA)-insulin resistance (IR). There were small non-significant increases in HOMA-insulin sensitivity (S) and HOMA-beta cell function (B) and a small significant increase in Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI).

Conclusions: Correction of vitamin D deficiency in type 2 diabetic patients decreases fasting glucose. Our results do not rule out improvements in metabolic control, insulin-resistance and function of the beta cell.