Stem Cell Guidance Through the Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin

Overview

Journal World J Stem Cells

Publisher Baishideng Publishing Group

Date 2015 Sep 2

PMID 26328016

Citations 23

Authors

Kenneth Maiese

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Stem cells offer great promise for the treatment of multiple disorders throughout the body. Critical to this premise is the ability to govern stem cell pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), 289-kDa serine/threonine protein kinase, that is a vital component of mTOR Complex 1 and mTOR Complex 2 represents a critical pathway for the oversight of stem cell maintenance. mTOR can control the programmed cell death pathways of autophagy and apoptosis that can yield variable outcomes in stem cell survival and be reliant upon proliferative pathways that include Wnt signaling, Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), and trophic factors. mTOR also is a necessary component for the early development and establishment of stem cells as well as having a significant impact in the regulation of the maturation of specific cell phenotypes. Yet, as a proliferative agent, mTOR can not only foster cancer stem cell development and tumorigenesis, but also mediate cell senescence under certain conditions to limit invasive cancer growth. mTOR offers an exciting target for the oversight of stem cell therapies but requires careful consideration of the diverse clinical outcomes that can be fueled by mTOR signaling pathways.

Citing Articles

Chemical preconditioning escalates chondrogenic activity in explant cultured human dental pulp stem cell study model for future temporomandibular joint regeneration.

Shetty L, Waknis P, Kharat A, Bhonde R, Londhe U, Rudagi B Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2024; 15(2):214-219.

PMID: 39234119 PMC: 11371304. DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_207_23.

The impact of aging and oxidative stress in metabolic and nervous system disorders: programmed cell death and molecular signal transduction crosstalk.

Maiese K Front Immunol. 2023; 14:1273570.

PMID: 38022638 PMC: 10663950. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1273570.

Cornerstone Cellular Pathways for Metabolic Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus: Non-Coding RNAs, Wnt Signaling, and AMPK.

Maiese K Cells. 2023; 12(22).

PMID: 37998330 PMC: 10670256. DOI: 10.3390/cells12222595.

Rapamycin Responds to Alzheimer's Disease: A Potential Translational Therapy.

Hou S, Zhang S, Li Y, Xu S Clin Interv Aging. 2023; 18:1629-1639.

PMID: 37810956 PMC: 10557994. DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S429440.

Innovative therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.

Maiese K EXCLI J. 2023; 22:690-715.

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