Human Immunodeficiency Virus Has Similar Effects on Brain Volumetrics and Cognition in Males and Females

Overview

Journal J Neurovirol

Publisher Springer

Specialties Microbiology
Neurology

Date 2015 Aug 27

PMID 26306688

Citations 23

Authors

Ashley M Behrman-Lay

Robert H Paul

Jodi Heaps-Woodruff

Laurie M Baker

Christina Usher

Beau M Ances

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Most studies that have examined neuropsychological impairments associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have focused on males, yet females represent one of the largest groups of newly infected patients. Further, few studies have examined neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging outcomes among females compared to males in the modern era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). The present study investigated neuropsychological performance and brain volumetrics among HIV+ males (n = 93) and females (n = 44) on stable HAART compared to HIV seronegative (HIV-) males (n = 42) and females (n = 49). Results revealed a significant effect of HIV on neuropsychological performance and neuroimaging measures. An effect of gender, independent of HIV status, was also observed for neuroimaging measures but not neuropsychological performance. Additionally, no significant differences in neuropsychological performance or brain volumetrics were seen between HIV+ males and females. No significant interaction was observed between HIV and gender on either neuropsychological or neuroimaging indices. Our results suggest that both HIV+ males and females treated with HAART experience similar outcomes in terms of brain integrity.

Citing Articles

Sex Differences in the Cognitive Performance of a South African Cohort of People With HIV and Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder.

Dreyer A, Nightingale S, Andersen L, Lee J, Gouse H, Safren S J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2023; 22:23259582231203192.

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Multishell diffusion MRI reveals whole-brain white matter changes in HIV.

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Chronic brain damage in HIV-infected individuals under antiretroviral therapy is associated with viral reservoirs, sulfatide release, and compromised cell-to-cell communication.

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Difference in the neurocognitive functions of WLWH and MLWH in an Italian cohort of people living with HIV.

Delle Donne V, Massaroni V, Ciccarelli N, Lombardi F, Borghetti A, Ciccullo A J Neurovirol. 2022; 28(3):422-429.

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Sex Differences in the Patterns and Predictors of Cognitive Function in HIV.

Rubin L, Sundermann E, Dastgheyb R, Buchholz A, Pasipanodya E, Heaton R Front Neurol. 2020; 11:551921.

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