Metabolic Regulation of T Cell Differentiation and Function
Overview
Molecular Biology
Authors
Affiliations
Upon encountering pathogens, T cells mount immune responses by proliferating, increasing cellular mass and differentiating. These cellular changes impose significant energetic challenges on T cells. It was believed that TCR and cytokine-mediated signaling are dominant dictators of T cell-mediated immune responses. Recently, it was recognized that T cells utilize metabolic transporters and metabolic sensors that allow them to rapidly respond to nutrient-limiting inflammatory environments. Metabolic sensors allow T cells to find a balance between energy consumption (anabolic metabolism) and production (catabolic metabolism) in order to mount effective immune responses. Also, metabolic regulators interact with cytokine-dependent transcriptional regulators, suggesting a more integrative and advanced model of T cell activation and differentiation. In this review, we will discuss recent discoveries regarding the roles of metabolic regulators in effector and memory T cell development and their interaction with canonical transcription factors.
Wu L, Zhang L, Huang M, Wu Y, Jin S, Zhang Y Biomolecules. 2024; 14(11).
PMID: 39595530 PMC: 11592114. DOI: 10.3390/biom14111353.
Niri T, Inoue S, Akazawa S, Nishikido S, Miwa M, Kobayashi M Clin Exp Immunol. 2024; 219(1).
PMID: 39432837 PMC: 11773818. DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae093.
Yang Z, Deng M, Ren L, Fan Z, Yang S, Liu S Cell Death Discov. 2024; 10(1):408.
PMID: 39289349 PMC: 11408637. DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02174-1.
Immunometabolic alteration of CD4 T cells in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome.
Chen Y, Luo X, Deng C, Zhao L, Gao H, Zhou J Clin Exp Med. 2024; 24(1):163.
PMID: 39039306 PMC: 11263433. DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01429-6.
GLUT1 overexpression enhances CAR T cell metabolic fitness and anti-tumor efficacy.
Shi Y, Kotchetkov I, Dobrin A, Hanina S, Rajasekhar V, Healey J Mol Ther. 2024; 32(7):2393-2405.
PMID: 38720457 PMC: 11286825. DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.05.006.