Seasonal and Temporal Trends in All-cause and Malaria Mortality in Rural Burkina Faso, 1998-2007

Overview

Journal Malar J

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Tropical Medicine

Date 2015 Aug 6

PMID 26243295

Citations 16

Authors

Eveline Otte Im Kampe

Olaf Muller

Ali Sie

Heiko Becher

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: High mortality levels in sub-Saharan Africa are still a major public health problem. Children are the most affected group with malaria as one of the major causes of death in this region. To plan health interventions, reliable empirical information on cause-specific mortality patterns is essential, yet such data are often not available in developing countries. Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSS) implementing the verbal autopsy (VA) method provide such data on a longitudinal basis. Physician Coded VA is usually used to determine cause of death, but recently a computerized method, Interpreting VA (InterVA) was alternatively introduced. This study investigates the effect of season on all-cause and malaria mortality analysing cause of death data from 1998 to 2007 obtained by the Nouna HDSS in rural Burkina Faso and derived by InterVA.

Methods: Monthly mortality rates were calculated for different age groups (infants, children, adolescents, adults, elderly). Seasonal and temporal trends were modelled with parametric Poisson regression adjusted for sex, area of residence and year of death.

Results: Overall, 7,378 deaths occurred corresponding to a mortality rate of 11.9/1,000 with highest rates in infants (56.8/1,000) and children (22.0/1,000). Young children were most affected by malaria. Malaria mortality patterns in children showed significantly higher rates during the rainy season and a stagnant long-term trend. The seasonal trend is well described parametrically with a sinusoidal function. InterVA assigned about half as many deaths to malaria than physicians.

Conclusions: Malaria mortality remains highly seasonal in rural Burkina Faso. The InterVA method appears to determine reasonably well seasonal mortality patterns, which should be considered for the planning of health resources and activities.

Citing Articles

The Association between Malnutrition and Malaria Infection in Children under 5 Years in Burkina Faso: A Longitudinal Study.

Gebreegziabher E, Dah C, Coulibaly B, Sie A, Bountogo M, Ouattara M Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023; 108(3):561-568.

PMID: 36623486 PMC: 9978547. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0573.

Malaria positivity following a single oral dose of azithromycin among children in Burkina Faso: a randomized controlled trial.

Brogdon J, Dah C, Sie A, Bountogo M, Coulibaly B, Kouanda I BMC Infect Dis. 2022; 22(1):285.

PMID: 35337289 PMC: 8957146. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07296-4.

Exploring factors influencing patient mortality and loss to follow-up in two paediatric hospital wards in Zamfara, North-West Nigeria, 2016-2018.

Maisa A, Lawal A, Islam T, Nwankwo C, Oluyide B, Fotso A PLoS One. 2021; 16(12):e0262073.

PMID: 34972177 PMC: 8719718. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262073.

Antenatal care attendance and risk of low birthweight in Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study.

Bountogo M, Sie A, Zakane A, Compaore G, Ouedraogo T, Lebas E BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021; 21(1):825.

PMID: 34903190 PMC: 8667364. DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04310-6.

Azithromycin versus Amoxicillin and Malarial Parasitemia among Children with Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Sie A, Dah C, Ourohire M, Ouedraogo M, Boudo V, Arzika A Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021; 106(1):351-355.

PMID: 34583344 PMC: 8733515. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0595.

References

Kumar V, Datta N . Lay reporting and verbal autopsy in assessment of infant mortality. Indian J Pediatr. 1986; 53(6):672-4. DOI: 10.1007/BF02748549. View

Fottrell E, Byass P . Verbal autopsy: methods in transition. Epidemiol Rev. 2010; 32:38-55. DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxq003. View

Korenromp E, Williams B, Gouws E, Dye C, Snow R . Measurement of trends in childhood malaria mortality in Africa: an assessment of progress toward targets based on verbal autopsy. Lancet Infect Dis. 2003; 3(6):349-58. DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00657-1. View

Anker M . The effect of misclassification error on reported cause-specific mortality fractions from verbal autopsy. Int J Epidemiol. 1997; 26(5):1090-6. DOI: 10.1093/ije/26.5.1090. View

Snow R, Armstrong J, Forster D, Winstanley M, Marsh V, Newton C . Childhood deaths in Africa: uses and limitations of verbal autopsies. Lancet. 1992; 340(8815):351-5. DOI: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)91414-4. View

TODD J, De Francisco A, ODempsey T, Greenwood B . The limitations of verbal autopsy in a malaria-endemic region. Ann Trop Paediatr. 1994; 14(1):31-6. DOI: 10.1080/02724936.1994.11747689. View

Greenwood B, Bojang K, Whitty C, Targett G . Malaria. Lancet. 2005; 365(9469):1487-98. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66420-3. View

Kynast-Wolf G, Sankoh O, Gbangou A, Kouyate B, Becher H . Mortality patterns, 1993-98, in a rural area of Burkina Faso, West Africa, based on the Nouna demographic surveillance system. Trop Med Int Health. 2002; 7(4):349-56. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2002.00863.x. View

De Allegri M, Louis V, Tiendrebeogo J, Souares A, Ye M, Tozan Y . Moving towards universal coverage with malaria control interventions: achievements and challenges in rural Burkina Faso. Int J Health Plann Manage. 2012; 28(1):102-21. DOI: 10.1002/hpm.2116. View

10.

Chandler C, Jones C, Boniface G, Juma K, Reyburn H, Whitty C . Guidelines and mindlines: why do clinical staff over-diagnose malaria in Tanzania? A qualitative study. Malar J. 2008; 7:53. PMC: 2323020. DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-7-53. View

11.

Black R, Morris S, Bryce J . Where and why are 10 million children dying every year?. Lancet. 2003; 361(9376):2226-34. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13779-8. View

12.

Ramroth H, Lorenz E, Rankin J, Fottrell E, Ye M, Neuhann F . Cause of death distribution with InterVA and physician coding in a rural area of Burkina Faso. Trop Med Int Health. 2012; 17(7):904-13. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.02998.x. View

13.

Kynast-Wolf G, Preuss M, Sie A, Kouyate B, Becher H . Seasonal patterns of cardiovascular disease mortality of adults in Burkina Faso, West Africa. Trop Med Int Health. 2010; 15(9):1082-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02586.x. View

14.

Setel P, Whiting D, Hemed Y, Chandramohan D, Wolfson L, Alberti K . Validity of verbal autopsy procedures for determining cause of death in Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health. 2006; 11(5):681-96. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01603.x. View

15.

Murray C, Lopez A, Black R, Ahuja R, Ali S, Baqui A . Population Health Metrics Research Consortium gold standard verbal autopsy validation study: design, implementation, and development of analysis datasets. Popul Health Metr. 2011; 9:27. PMC: 3160920. DOI: 10.1186/1478-7954-9-27. View

16.

Sie A, Louis V, Gbangou A, Muller O, Niamba L, Stieglbauer G . The Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in Nouna, Burkina Faso, 1993-2007. Glob Health Action. 2010; 3. PMC: 2940452. DOI: 10.3402/gha.v3i0.5284. View

17.

Byass P, Fottrell E, Dao L, Berhane Y, Corrah T, Kahn K . Refining a probabilistic model for interpreting verbal autopsy data. Scand J Public Health. 2006; 34(1):26-31. PMC: 2833983. DOI: 10.1080/14034940510032202. View

18.

Yang G, Rao C, Ma J, Wang L, Wan X, Dubrovsky G . Validation of verbal autopsy procedures for adult deaths in China. Int J Epidemiol. 2005; 35(3):741-8. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyi181. View

19.

Byass P . Who needs cause-of-death data?. PLoS Med. 2007; 4(11):e333. PMC: 2082647. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040333. View

20.

Quigley M . Commentary: verbal autopsies--from small-scale studies to mortality surveillance systems. Int J Epidemiol. 2005; 34(5):1087-8. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyi135. View