Blood Flow Modulation of Vascular Dynamics

Overview

Journal Curr Opin Lipidol

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2015 Jul 29

PMID 26218416

Citations 18

Authors

Juhyun Lee

Rene R Sevag Packard

Tzung K Hsiai

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose Of Review: Blood flow is intimately linked with cardiovascular development, repair and dysfunction. The current review will build on the fluid mechanical principle underlying haemodynamic shear forces, mechanotransduction and metabolic effects.

Recent Findings: Pulsatile flow produces both time (∂τ/∂t) and spatial-varying shear stress (∂τ/∂x) to modulate vascular oxidative stress and inflammatory response with pathophysiological significance to atherosclerosis. The characteristics of haemodynamic shear forces, namely, steady laminar (∂τ/∂t = 0), pulsatile shear stress (PSS: unidirectional forward flow) and oscillatory shear stress (bidirectional with a near net 0 forward flow), modulate mechano-signal transduction to influence metabolic effects on vascular endothelial function. Atheroprotective PSS promotes antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic responses, whereas atherogenic oscillatory shear stress induces nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-JNK signalling to increase mitochondrial superoxide production, protein degradation of manganese superoxide dismutase and post-translational protein modifications of LDL particles in the disturbed flow-exposed regions of vasculature. In the era of tissue regeneration, shear stress has been implicated in reactivation of developmental genes, namely, Wnt and Notch signalling, for vascular development and repair.

Summary: Blood flow imparts a dynamic continuum from vascular development to repair. Augmentation of PSS confers atheroprotection and reactivation of developmental signalling pathways for regeneration.

Citing Articles

Transient low shear-stress preconditioning influences long-term endothelial traction and alignment under high shear flow.

Chandurkar M, Mittal N, Royer-Weeden S, Lehmann S, Michels E, Haarman S Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2024; 326(5):H1180-H1192.

PMID: 38457352 PMC: 11649189. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00067.2024.

Imaging diagnosis of intracranial atherosclerosis stenosis-related large vessel occlusion before and during endovascular therapy.

Yoshimoto T Front Neurol. 2023; 14:1168004.

PMID: 37416315 PMC: 10320000. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1168004.

The crescendo pulse frequency of shear stress stimulates the endothelialization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the luminal surface of decellularized scaffold in the bioreactor.

Jiao Y, Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Xing Y, Cai Z, Wang C Bioengineered. 2022; 13(3):7925-7938.

PMID: 35358008 PMC: 9278976. DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2039502.

Computational simulations of the 4D micro-circulatory network in zebrafish tail amputation and regeneration.

Roustaei M, In Baek K, Wang Z, Cavallero S, Satta S, Lai A J R Soc Interface. 2022; 19(187):20210898.

PMID: 35167770 PMC: 8848759. DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0898.

Endothelial mechanotransduction in cardiovascular development and regeneration: emerging approaches and animal models.

Cavallero S, Blazquez-Medela A, Satta S, Hsiai T Curr Top Membr. 2021; 87:131-151.

PMID: 34696883 PMC: 9113082. DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2021.07.002.

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