Clinical Profile, Predisposing Factors, and Associated Co-morbidities of Children with Cerebral Palsy in South India

Overview

Journal J Pediatr Neurosci

Specialty Pediatrics

Date 2015 Jul 14

PMID 26167210

Citations 3

Authors

Vykuntaraju K Gowda

Anil Kumar

Sanjay K Shivappa

Praveen Kumar Srikanteswara

Shivananda

M S Mahadeviah

M Govindraj

Premalatha Ramaswamy

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disorder of children. Causes like jaundice and birth injury though are decreasing; complications resulting from the survival of low birth weight babies are replacing some of the older etiologies. Hence, this study was planned.

Objectives: The objective was to study the clinical patterns, predisposing factors, and co-morbidities in children with CP.

Materials And Methods: The present study is a hospital based prospective study conducted from January 2012 to January 2013 in children presenting to neurodevelopmental clinic at a tertiary care teaching hospital in India. Hundred cases with clinical features suggestive of CP were included in the study. Cases were evaluated by history, clinical examination, and necessary investigations.

Results: Results of the study showed 81% of spastic, 12% of hypotonic, 5% of dystonic, and 2% of mixed CP cases. The mean age of presentation was 2 year, 2 month, and male to female ratio of 1:2. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) was the most common antenatal complication observed in 6%. Four percent had neonatal sepsis and 19% were born premature. Associated co-morbidities were mental retardation (55%), seizure disorder (46%), visual problems (26%), hearing problems (19%), and failure to thrive (47%).

Discussion: Sex distribution observed in our study was male to female ratio of 1.2, which was comparable with a multicenter study in Europe. PIH was observed in 6% of cases, which was comparable with prior studies. Birth asphyxia was observed in 43% of cases. Eighty-one percent of the cases constituted a spastic variety of CP which was comparable to other studies.

Conclusion: Perinatal asphyxia was the important etiological factor. We found preventable intranatal causes (60%) and antenatal causes (20%) forming a significant proportion. Co-morbidities were significantly observed in our study.

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