Axial Length and Cone Density As Assessed with Adaptive Optics in Myopia

Overview

Journal Indian J Ophthalmol

Specialty Ophthalmology

Date 2015 Jul 4

PMID 26139804

Citations 12

Authors

Supriya Dabir

Shwetha Mangalesh

Jan S A G Schouten

Tos T J M Berendschot

Mathew Kummelil Kurian

Anupama Kiran Kumar

Naresh K Yadav

Rohit Shetty

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aim: To assess the variations in cone mosaic in myopia and its correlation with axial length (AL).

Subjects And Methods: Twenty-five healthy myopic volunteers underwent assessment of photoreceptors using adaptive optics retinal camera at 2° and 3° from the foveal center in four quadrants superior, inferior, temporal and nasal. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17 (IBM). Multivariable regression analysis was conducted to study the relation between cone density and AL, quadrant around the fovea and eccentricity from the fovea.

Results: The mean cone density was significantly lower as the eccentricity increased from 2° from the fovea to 3° (18,560 ± 5455-16,404 ± 4494/mm 2 respectively). There was also a statistically significant difference between four quadrants around the fovea. The correlation of cone density and spacing with AL showed that there was a significant inverse relation of AL with the cone density.

Conclusion: In myopic patients with good visual acuity cone density around the fovea depends on the quadrant, distance from the fovea as well as the AL. The strength of the relation of AL with cone density depends on the quadrant and distance.

Citing Articles

In vivo assessment of cone loss and macular perfusion in children with myopia.

Shen Y, Ye X, Zhou X, Yu J, Zhang C, He S Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):26373.

PMID: 39487258 PMC: 11530448. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78280-y.

IMI-Nonpathological Human Ocular Tissue Changes With Axial Myopia.

Jonas J, Spaide R, Ostrin L, Logan N, Flitcroft I, Panda-Jonas S Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2023; 64(6):5.

PMID: 37126358 PMC: 10153585. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.6.5.

Macular outer nuclear layer, ellipsoid zone and outer photoreceptor segment band thickness, axial length and other determinants.

Wang Y, Pan Z, Xue C, Xie H, Wu X, Jonas J Sci Rep. 2023; 13(1):5386.

PMID: 37012316 PMC: 10070240. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32629-x.

Photoreceptor density in relation to axial length and retinal location in human eyes.

Panda-Jonas S, Jonas J, Jonas R Sci Rep. 2022; 12(1):21371.

PMID: 36494438 PMC: 9734646. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25460-3.

Examining the concordance of retinal ganglion cell counts generated using measures of structure and function.

Stapley V, Anderson R, Saunders K, Mulholland P Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2022; 42(6):1338-1352.

PMID: 36065739 PMC: 9826349. DOI: 10.1111/opo.13041.

References

Guirao A, Porter J, Williams D, Cox I . Calculated impact of higher-order monochromatic aberrations on retinal image quality in a population of human eyes. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2002; 19(3):620-8. DOI: 10.1364/josaa.19.000620. View

Dabir S, Mangalesh S, Kumar K, Kummelil M, Sinha Roy A, Shetty R . Variations in the cone packing density with eccentricity in emmetropes. Eye (Lond). 2014; 28(12):1488-93. PMC: 4268468. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2014.229. View

Williams D . Topography of the foveal cone mosaic in the living human eye. Vision Res. 1988; 28(3):433-54. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6989(88)90185-x. View

Curcio C, Sloan K, KALINA R, Hendrickson A . Human photoreceptor topography. J Comp Neurol. 1990; 292(4):497-523. DOI: 10.1002/cne.902920402. View

Grossniklaus H, Green W . Pathologic findings in pathologic myopia. Retina. 1992; 12(2):127-33. DOI: 10.1097/00006982-199212020-00009. View

Strang N, Winn B, Bradley A . The role of neural and optical factors in limiting visual resolution in myopia. Vision Res. 1998; 38(11):1713-21. DOI: 10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00303-9. View

Marcos S, Burns S . Cone spacing and waveguide properties from cone directionality measurements. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 1999; 16(5):995-1004. PMC: 2882181. DOI: 10.1364/josaa.16.000995. View

Chui T, Yap M, Chan H, Thibos L . Retinal stretching limits peripheral visual acuity in myopia. Vision Res. 2004; 45(5):593-605. DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2004.09.016. View

Coletta N, Watson T . Effect of myopia on visual acuity measured with laser interference fringes. Vision Res. 2005; 46(5):636-51. DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2005.05.025. View

10.

Atchison D, Schmid K, Pritchard N . Neural and optical limits to visual performance in myopia. Vision Res. 2006; 46(21):3707-22. DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2006.05.005. View

11.

Rossi E, Weiser P, Tarrant J, Roorda A . Visual performance in emmetropia and low myopia after correction of high-order aberrations. J Vis. 2007; 7(8):14. DOI: 10.1167/7.8.14. View

12.

Kitaguchi Y, Bessho K, Yamaguchi T, Nakazawa N, Mihashi T, Fujikado T . In vivo measurements of cone photoreceptor spacing in myopic eyes from images obtained by an adaptive optics fundus camera. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2007; 51(6):456-61. DOI: 10.1007/s10384-007-0477-7. View

13.

Ping Chui T, Song H, Burns S . Individual variations in human cone photoreceptor packing density: variations with refractive error. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008; 49(10):4679-87. PMC: 2710765. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.08-2135. View

14.

Lombardo M, Serrao S, Ducoli P, Lombardo G . Variations in image optical quality of the eye and the sampling limit of resolution of the cone mosaic with axial length in young adults. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2012; 38(7):1147-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2012.02.033. View

15.

Atchison D, Jones C, Schmid K, Pritchard N, Pope J, Strugnell W . Eye shape in emmetropia and myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004; 45(10):3380-6. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.04-0292. View