Atrx Promotes Heterochromatin Formation At retrotransposons

Overview

Journal EMBO Rep

Specialty Molecular Biology

Date 2015 May 28

PMID 26012739

Citations 85

Authors

Dennis Sadic

Katharina Schmidt

Sophia Groh

Ivan Kondofersky

Joachim Ellwart

Christiane Fuchs

Fabian J Theis

Gunnar Schotta

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

More than 50% of mammalian genomes consist of retrotransposon sequences. Silencing of retrotransposons by heterochromatin is essential to ensure genomic stability and transcriptional integrity. Here, we identified a short sequence element in intracisternal A particle (IAP) retrotransposons that is sufficient to trigger heterochromatin formation. We used this sequence in a genome-wide shRNA screen and identified the chromatin remodeler Atrx as a novel regulator of IAP silencing. Atrx binds to IAP elements and is necessary for efficient heterochromatin formation. In addition, Atrx facilitates a robust and largely inaccessible heterochromatin structure as Atrx knockout cells display increased chromatin accessibility at retrotransposons and non-repetitive heterochromatic loci. In summary, we demonstrate a direct role of Atrx in the establishment and robust maintenance of heterochromatin.

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