Oriented Cell Division Shapes Carnivorous Pitcher Leaves of Sarracenia Purpurea

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2015 Mar 17

PMID 25774486

Citations 18

Authors

Kenji Fukushima

Hironori Fujita

Takahiro Yamaguchi

Masayoshi Kawaguchi

Hirokazu Tsukaya

Mitsuyasu Hasebe

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Complex morphology is an evolutionary outcome of phenotypic diversification. In some carnivorous plants, the ancestral planar leaf has been modified to form a pitcher shape. However, how leaf development was altered during evolution remains unknown. Here we show that the pitcher leaves of Sarracenia purpurea develop through cell division patterns of adaxial tissues that are distinct from those in bifacial and peltate leaves, subsequent to standard expression of adaxial and abaxial marker genes. Differences in the orientation of cell divisions in the adaxial domain cause bifacial growth in the distal region and adaxial ridge protrusion in the middle region. These different growth patterns establish pitcher morphology. A computer simulation suggests that the cell division plane is critical for the pitcher morphogenesis. Our results imply that tissue-specific changes in the orientation of cell division underlie the development of a morphologically complex leaf.

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