Immunohistochemical Detection of the 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D Receptor in the Human Vagina

Overview

Journal Iran J Reprod Med

Specialty Reproductive Medicine

Date 2015 Feb 25

PMID 25709637

Citations 5

Authors

Tae-Hee Kim

Hae-Hyeog Lee

Junsik Park

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D plays a critical role in the regulation of growth and differentiation of squamous epithelium. The pleiotropic effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], include proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and pro-differentiation effects on numerous cell types. Although 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is involved in the regulation and differentiation of epithelium, there is no data in the aspect of the distribution of 1,25-(OH)2D3 receptor (VDR), estrogen receptor-β (ER-β) and ezrin, and how it changes according to the menstrual phases and serum vitamin D level in the human vagina.

Objective: To detect of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor (VDR), estrogen receptor-β (ER-β), and ezrin in human vagina.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 15 premenopausal women who had hysterectomies. Vaginal tissues were obtained from vaginal vaults of hysterectomized uterus and processed for immunohistochemical analysis. We recorded the localization, distribution, and expression of VDR, ER-β, and ezrin in the vaginal epithelium.

Results: VDR was detected in all layers of vaginal epithelium regardless of the menstrual cycle stage and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.

Conclusion: In this study, we have characterized the presence and distribution of VDR, ER-β, and ezrin in human vaginal epithelium, including menstrual cycle-related and vitamin D-related expression. However, the VDR-related mechanisms underlying vaginal epithelial proliferation and differentiation remain to be elucidated.

Citing Articles

Effect of Vitamin D on the Proliferation and Barrier of Atrophic Vaginal Epithelial Cells.

Li D, Zhang T, Yang H, Yang W, Zhang C, Gao G Molecules. 2023; 28(18).

PMID: 37764381 PMC: 10535479. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186605.

Vitamin D Status Impacts Genital Mucosal Immunity and Markers of HIV-1 Susceptibility in Women.

Anderson S, Thurman A, Chandra N, Jackson S, Asin S, Rollenhagen C Nutrients. 2020; 12(10).

PMID: 33080839 PMC: 7602985. DOI: 10.3390/nu12103176.

Effect of Vitamin D on the Vaginal Health of Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review.

Riazi H, Ghazanfarpour M, Taebi M, Abdolahian S J Menopausal Med. 2020; 25(3):109-116.

PMID: 32307935 PMC: 6952708. DOI: 10.6118/jmm.19194.

Vitamin D and VDR in Gynecological Cancers-A Systematic Review.

Deuster E, Jeschke U, Ye Y, Mahner S, Czogalla B Int J Mol Sci. 2017; 18(11).

PMID: 29113037 PMC: 5713297. DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112328.

Vitamin D Proliferates Vaginal Epithelium through RhoA Expression in Postmenopausal Atrophic Vagina tissue.

Lee A, Lee M, Lee H, Kim Y, Kim J, Enkhbold T Mol Cells. 2017; 40(9):677-684.

PMID: 28843271 PMC: 5638775. DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0026.

References

Deluca H . Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 80(6 Suppl):1689S-96S. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/80.6.1689S. View

Hodgins M, Spike R, Mackie R, Maclean A . An immunohistochemical study of androgen, oestrogen and progesterone receptors in the vulva and vagina. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998; 105(2):216-22. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10056.x. View

Zeng H, Xu L, Xiao D, Zhang H, Wu X, Zheng R . Altered expression of ezrin in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Histochem Cytochem. 2006; 54(8):889-96. DOI: 10.1369/jhc.5A6881.2006. View

. ERM proteins: from cellular architecture to cell signaling. Biol Cell. 2000; 92(5):305-16. DOI: 10.1016/s0248-4900(00)01078-9. View

Song J, Fadiel A, Edusa V, Chen Z, So J, Sakamoto H . Estradiol-induced ezrin overexpression in ovarian cancer: a new signaling domain for estrogen. Cancer Lett. 2005; 220(1):57-65. DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.04.024. View

Chen G, OLIVER R, Leung B, Lin L, Yeh J . Estrogen receptor alpha and beta expression in the vaginal walls and uterosacral ligaments of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril. 1999; 71(6):1099-102. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00113-2. View

Bikle D, Teichert A, Hawker N, Xie Z, Oda Y . Sequential regulation of keratinocyte differentiation by 1,25(OH)2D3, VDR, and its coregulators. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007; 103(3-5):396-404. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.12.063. View

Yildirim B, Abban G, Erdogan B . Immunohistochemical detection of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D receptor in rat vaginal epithelium. Fertil Steril. 2004; 82(6):1602-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.949. View

Bikle D . Nonclassic actions of vitamin D. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 94(1):26-34. PMC: 2630868. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-1454. View

10.

Gorodeski G . Aging and estrogen effects on transcervical-transvaginal epithelial permeability. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004; 90(1):345-51. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2004-1223. View

11.

Fadiel A, Lee H, Demir N, Richman S, Iwasaki A, Connell K . Ezrin is a key element in the human vagina. Maturitas. 2008; 60(1):31-41. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.03.007. View

12.

Augsburger H, Fuhrer C . Immunohistochemical analysis of estrogen receptors in the urethra of sexually intact, ovariectomized, and estrogen-substituted ovariectomized sheep. Int Urogynecol J. 2013; 25(5):657-62. DOI: 10.1007/s00192-013-2275-8. View

13.

Di Carlo F, Racca S, Gallo E, Conti G, Russo A, MONDO F . Estrogen and progesterone receptors in the human vagina. J Endocrinol Invest. 1985; 8(2):131-4. DOI: 10.1007/BF03350667. View