Risk Factors for West Nile Virus Infection and Disease in Populations and Individuals

Overview

Journal Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2015 Feb 1

PMID 25637260

Citations 27

Authors

Ruth R Montgomery

Kristy O Murray

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne enveloped positive-strand RNA virus that emerged in North America in 1999 in New York City. Over the past 15 years, WNV has become established throughout the USA and has spread into Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean. CDC reports indicate >41,000 clinical cases, including more than 1700 fatalities. An estimated 3 million people in the USA may have been infected to date. Infection with WNV is dependent on many factors including climate, mosquito habitats and immunologically naïve bird populations. In addition, variations within individuals contribute to the risk of severe disease, in particular, advanced age, hypertension, immunosuppression and critical elements of the immune response. Recent advances in technology now allow detailed analysis of complex immune interactions relevant to disease susceptibility.

Citing Articles

An Update on the Entomology, Virology, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology Status of West Nile and Dengue Viruses in Europe (2018-2023).

Frasca F, Sorrentino L, Fracella M, DAuria A, Coratti E, Maddaloni L Trop Med Infect Dis. 2024; 9(7).

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An Assessment of West Nile and Usutu Viruses' Seroprevalence in Hospitalized Patients: A Preliminary Study on Flavivirus Exposure in Eastern Romania.

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Early cellular and molecular signatures correlate with severity of West Nile virus infection.

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Comparison of West Nile Virus Disease in Humans and Horses: Exploiting Similarities for Enhancing Syndromic Surveillance.

Schwarz E, Long M Viruses. 2023; 15(6).

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Assessing the risk of West Nile Virus seasonal outbreaks and its vector control in an urbanizing bird community: An integrative R0-modelling study in the city of Merida, Mexico.

Flores-Ferrer A, Suzan G, Waleckx E, Gourbiere S PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023; 17(5):e0011340.

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