Cytoprotective Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide-releasing -methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antagonists Are Mediated by Intracellular Sulfane Sulfur
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Hydrogen sulfide (HS) exerts a host of biological effects ranging from cytotoxicity to cytoprotection. Cytotoxicity of HS in neurodegenerative diseases may be mediated by -methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation. To exploit cytoprotective effects of HS while minimizing its toxicity, we synthesized a series of HS-releasing NMDAR antagonists and examined their effects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP)-induced cell death, a cellular model of Parkinson's disease. We observed that cytoprotective effect of HS-releasing NMDAR antagonists correlated with their ability to increase intracellular sulfane sulfur, but not HS, levels. These studies suggest that HS-donor compounds that increase intracellular sulfane sulfur are potentially useful neuroprotective agents against neurodegenerative diseases.
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