Commensal Microbes and Interferon-λ Determine Persistence of Enteric Murine Norovirus Infection

Overview

Journal Science

Specialty Science

Date 2014 Nov 29

PMID 25431490

Citations 269

Authors

Megan T Baldridge

Timothy J Nice

Broc T McCune

Christine C Yokoyama

Amal Kambal

Michael Wheadon

Michael S Diamond

Yulia Ivanova

Maxim Artyomov

Herbert W Virgin

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The capacity of human norovirus (NoV), which causes >90% of global epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis, to infect a subset of people persistently may contribute to its spread. How such enteric viruses establish persistent infections is not well understood. We found that antibiotics prevented persistent murine norovirus (MNoV) infection, an effect that was reversed by replenishment of the bacterial microbiota. Antibiotics did not prevent tissue infection or affect systemic viral replication but acted specifically in the intestine. The receptor for the antiviral cytokine interferon-λ, Ifnlr1, as well as the transcription factors Stat1 and Irf3, were required for antibiotics to prevent viral persistence. Thus, the bacterial microbiome fosters enteric viral persistence in a manner counteracted by specific components of the innate immune system.

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